https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ Taoist_sexual_practices#Qi_(Lifeforce)and_Jing(Essence) >jing (ᔜ), and once all this has been expended the body dies Jing can be lost in many ways, but most notably through the loss of body fluids >The fluid believed to contain the most Jing is semen. Therefore, Taoists believe in decreasing the frequency of, or totally avoiding, ejaculation in order to conserve life essence some Taoists contend that one should never ejaculate
http://www.sacred-texts.com/hin/manu/manu09.htm
The husband, after conception by his wife, becomes an embryo and is born again of her; for that is the wifehood of a wife (gaya), that he is born (gayate) again by her.
As the male is to whom a wife cleaves, even so is the son whom she brings forth; let him therefore carefully guard his wife, in order to keep his offspring pure.
https://www.nature.com/news/fearful-memories-haunt-mouse-descendants-1.14272 >Fearful memories haunt mouse descendants Genetic imprint from traumatic experiences carries through at least two generations >A third generation of mice — the ‘grandchildren’ — also inherited this reaction, as did mice conceived through in vitro fertilization with sperm from males sensitized to acetophenone. Similar experiments showed that the response can also be transmitted down from the mother Timothy Bestor, a molecular biologist at Columbia University in New York who studies epigenetic modifications, is incredulous. DNA methylation is unlikely to influence the production of the protein that detects acetophenone, he says Tracy Bale, a neuroscientist at the University of Pennsylvania in Philadelphia, says that researchers need to “determine the piece that links Dad’s experience with specific signals capable of producing changes in epigenetic marks in the germ cell, and how these are maintained”
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/16084184/ Male microchimerism in women without sons: quantitative assessment and correlation with pregnancy history CONCLUSIONS: Male microchimerism was not infrequent in women without sons. Besides known pregnancies, other possible sources of male microchimerism include unrecognized spontaneous abortion, vanished male twin, an older brother transferred by the maternal circulation, or sexual intercourse Male microchimerism was significantly more frequent and levels were higher in women with induced abortion than in women with other pregnancy histories
https://ajp.psychiatryonline.org/doi/abs/10.1176/appi.ajp.2017.17060616 Use of hormonal contraception was positively associated with subsequent suicide attempt and suicide. Adolescent women experienced the highest relative risk FIGURE 4. Relative Risk of a First Suicide Attempt, by Type of Hormonal Contraceptive Currently Used, Compared With Never-Usersa 50 µg Ethinylestradiol (Hazard ratio = 2.78) >Levonorgestrel (Hazard ratio = 1.81) All progestin-only pills (Hazard ratio = 2.29)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/28914501/ Andrology of male-to-female transsexuals: influence of cross-sex hormone therapy on testicular function cross-sex hormone therapy (CHT In contrast, termination of CHT days or weeks prior to SRS leads to a partial or full masculine hormone profile With regard to transgender patients, these data suggest that discontinuation of anti-androgen treatment prior to SRS will result in an increase of intra-testicular and serum testosterone levels and a re-initiation of spermatogenesis
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2540730 Spironolactone with physiological female steroids for presurgical therapy of male-to-female transsexualism Spironolactone was initially given in doses of 100 to 200 mg/day and gradually increased to achieve adequate T reduction. Conjugated estrogen (Premarin®)was prescribed in doses of 0.625 mg/day, increasing to 2.5 mg twice/day for 3 out of 4 weeks Breast size enlarged to approximately an “A” cup size in most subjects (8-14 cm diam of breast tissue
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5367483/ On a stable dose of estradiol 5 mg daily and spironolactone 150 mg daily >After 6 months of treatment, the patient reported that she was happy with her regimen; she reported good effect in her physical appearance. In particular, she noted scalp hair regrowth as well as thickening of her existing hair (Figs. 3 and and4 Based on our clinical experience, we have long suspected that there was reversal of male pattern baldness in transgender women on treatment to a degree dependent on age and likely other factors. The case presented demonstrates that hormone therapy for male-to-female transgender patients with estrogen and spironolactone can not only reduce male-pattern hair distribution but can also reverse previous effects of androgen on scalp hair patterns
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4703541/ Spironolactone and eplerenone are lipophilic and cross the blood brain barrier
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/20510769/ Innovative use of spironolactone as an antiandrogen in the treatment of female pattern hair loss Spironolactone both reduces adrenal androgen production and exerts competitive blockade on androgen receptors in target tissues
https://www.fertstert.org/article/S0015-0282(16)59346-7/pdf >The endocrine effects of spironolactone used as an antiandrogen The authors conclude from intact DEX-suppressed women that ovarian T, especially when increased, is frequently lowered by spironolactone. Thus, both adrenal and ovarian androgen production (as measured by prevailing plasma levels) may be diminished by this agent
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/3623016/ Effect of spironolactone and potassium canrenoate on cytosolic and nuclear androgen and estrogen receptors of rat liver The administration of spironolactone frequently leads to feminization, which has been noted less frequently with the use of potassium canrenoate, a salt of the active metabolite of spironolactone. The use of these two drugs has been associated with decreases in serum testosterone levels and spironolactone with a reduction in androgen receptor (AR) activity group 2 received spironolactone (5 mg/day); group 3 received potassium canrenoate (5 mg/day). After 21 days of treatment, the animals of all groups were killed and liver tissue was assayed for nuclear and cytosolic AR and ER and for male specific estrogen binder (MEB), an androgen-responsive protein This reduction in hepatic AR content suggested loss of androgen responsiveness of liver. We confirmed this by assessing levels of MEB, and found that livers from group 2 animals had no detectable MEB activity, whereas livers from both group 1 and 3 had normal MEB activity Nuclear estrogen receptor decreased and cytosolic ER increased in group 2, but with no change in total ER content
https://academic.oup.com/endo/article-abstract/94/6/1628/2621949? redirectedFrom=fulltext Spironolactone and Testicular Cytochrome P-450: Decreased Testosterone Formation inSeveral Species and Changes in Hepatic Drug Metabolism Daily treatment of male rats with spironolactone (200 mg/kg) for 3 days sub- stantially lowered the in vitro formation of testosterone from progesterone (Table 1). At a dosage of 100 mg/kg, administered twice daily for 3 days, the decrease by spironolactone was 72% In addition there was a decrease in the activity of the 17a-hydroxylase, a microsomal cytochrome P-450-dependent enzyme in testis that is required for the formation of testosterone from pregnenolone Spironolactone treat- ment reduced the specific activity of the 17a-hydroxylase by 90%, but caused a small increase in the activity of the 17/3-dehydrogenase, a microsomal enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of andro- stenedione to testosterone
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/907238 >estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2) However, several drugs including spironolactone gave the product ratio (E2/E1) having higher value than that of the control, the result means spironolactone inhibits the conversion of E2 to E1 The blood testosterone level in the spironolactone-treated group (2.7 +/- 0.5 ng/ml) was significantly less (P less than 0.02) than in the control group (4.4 +/- 0.4 ng/ml) >These changes were primarily due to significant increases in the metabolic clearance rate of testosterone (P less than 0.02) and in the rate of peripheral conversion of testosterone into estradiol (P less than 0.001) in the spironolactone-treated group. Thus, spironolactone does alter the peripheral metabolism of testosterone resulting in changes in the ratio of testosterone to estradiol, which could contribute to the production of gynecomastia
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/2941960/ The authors treated 28 patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with the new preparation SH B 209 AE consisting of 0.035 mg of ethinylestradiol and 2 mg of cyproterone acetate (EE + CPA) throughout 12 months Endocrine findings indicated a significant decrease in all hormonal parameters, the invariableness of prolactinemia, a considerable increase in sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) at the 6th treatment cycle examination, a continuous significant decrease in 17 beta E2 and androstenedione from the 6th to the 12th treatment cycles
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3954939/ Acarbose, 17-α-estradiol, and nordihydroguaiaretic acid extend mouse lifespan preferentially in males 17-α-estradiol (EST) EST increased male median lifespan by 12%
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/10397281/ We found that among subjects who used oral contraceptives, estradiol levels increased and progesterone levels decreased after intake of alcohol With regard to estrone levels, no effect was observed, although a significant increase was found in the estradiol-to-estrone ratio A transient elevating effect of alcohol (0.5 g/kg) on prolactin levels was observed in both study groups We suggest that the estradiol and progesterone effects are related to decreased steroid catabolism, resulting from the alcohol-mediated increase in the hepatic NADH-to-NAD ratio
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2711771/ Amphetamine-induced DA release in the right globus pallidus and right inferior frontal gyrus was higher in women compared to men Premenopausal women have higher striatal presynaptic DA synthesis than age-matched men
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4793919/#!po=40.6250 K+ stimulated DA release in both striatum and NAc is also enhanced by acute estradiol treatment
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1472969/ >Hyperkalemia associated with spironolactone therapy
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/25824645/ The present study indicates that dietary salt intake and potassium supplementation increase urinary renalase and serum dopamine levels in Chinese subjects
https://www.accessdata.fda.gov/drugsatfda_docs/label/2008/012151s062lbl.pdf >Aldactone causes increased amounts of sodium and water to be excreted, while potassium is retained
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyperkalemia Hyperkalemia, also spelled hyperkalaemia, is an elevated level of potassium (K+) in the blood serum
https://www.livestrong.com/article/508275-what-foods-should-you-avoid-when-taking-aldactone/ High-potassium fruits you should avoid when taking Aldactone include papaya, cantaloupe, prune juice, honeydew melons, bananas, raisins, mangoes, kiwis, oranges and orange juice. High-potassium vegetables to avoid include tomatoes, tomato juice, white and sweet potatoes, asparagus, pumpkin and Brussels sprouts. Also avoid salt substitutes that use potassium chloride instead of sodium chloride and low-sodium milk products.
https://www.nature.com/articles/srep26570 A melanosomal two-pore sodium channel regulates pigmentation We found that reducing the levels of TPC2 by either tpc2-targeted CRISPR-Cas9 in melan-a or by siRNA in Oa1−/− melanocytes had markedly increased cellular melanin content, compared with control melanocytes
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4270066/ These results point to the nucleus of neurons as the potential locus of the engram in Aplysia
http://www.eneuro.org/content/early/2018/05/14/ENEURO.0038-18.2018 Thus, the behavioral, and a subset of the cellular, modifications characteristic of a form of nonassociative long-term memory in Aplysia can be transferred by RNA
https://www.thefreedictionary.com/engram A physical alteration of neural tissue in the brain, posited to explain how memories are formed (Psychology) psychol the physical basis of an individual memory in the brain >a presumed encoding in neural tissue that provides a physical basis for the persistence of memory; a memory trace
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_memory_(psychology) In psychology, genetic memory is a memory present at birth that exists in the absence of sensory experience, and is incorporated into the genome over long spans of time
http://reoxy.org/8circuit.htm#c7 The seventh brain kicks into action when the nervous system begins to receive signals from WITHIN THE INDIVIDUAL NEURON, from the DNA-RNA dialogue. The first to achieve this mutation spoke of “memories of past lives,” “reincarnation,” “immortality,” etc Circuit VII is best considered, in terms of 1977 science, as the genetic archives, activated by anti-histone proteins. The DNA memory coiling back to the dawn of life. A sense of the inevitability of immortality and interspecies symbiosis comes to all circuit VII mutants; we now see that this, also, is an evolutionary forecast, since WE STAND RIGHT NOW ON THE DOOR-STEP OF EXTENDED LONGEVITY LEADING TO IMMORTALITY
http://reoxy.org/w_self.htm You try to define what you are, and you go into it, you suddenly discover that as you take off the skin and look underneath, that we are an enormously complex system of tubes and fibers, beautifully patterned Now I suppose if we looked at ourselves from that microscopic point of view, all these funny creatures that are running around us that don’t look like people, would if you got used to them seem like people Do you remember in early science fiction that was published in the 1920s, by people like Olaf Stapleton and some of the early writers? They pictured the men of the future as having huge heads to contain very big brains But what has happened instead of that is that instead of evolving bigness of brain, we are evolving an electronic network in which our brains are very swiftly being plugged into computer systems. Now some very awkward things about this are arising, and we’ve got to watch out for it, because what has increasingly happened is this: nobody is having any private life left. The invasion of ordinary privacy by the telephone, by your watching television, which is after all looking at somebody else’s life going on, by people watching you – all the people with bugging systems and snoopers, and credit agents, and everybody knows everything about you. Even in California, all the houses are built with picture windows looking at other picture windows, and if you draw the curtains, everyone thinks you’re snooty. Like if you build a fence in most Midwestern communities, they think ‘Who the hell do you think you are, building a fence to keep everybody else out? See, you’re not democratic.’ But the reason for all this is, imagine the situation when all the original neurons became linked in with the central nervous system. They said, ‘Well, we’re losing our privacy.’ And it isn’t only, say, that the sun is light because we have eyes and optical nerves which translate the energy of the sun into an experience called ‘light.’ It is also that that very central fire of the sun is something that you are doing just as much as you are generating temperature in your body. Now, if you just want to define yourself as a little curlicue on the end of things and say ‘That’s all of me there is,’ then you’ve got to be a puppet and say ‘Well, I’ve been pushed around by this whole system.’ Like a juvenile delinquent who knows a little Freud. ‘Well I can’t help what I’m doing, because it was my mother. She was terribly mixed up, and she didn’t bring me up properly, and my father was a mess. He was an alcoholic and he never paid any attention to me. So I’m a juvenile delinquent.’ So the social worker says ‘Yes, I’m afraid that’s so,’ and eventually some journalist gets ahold of it and says ‘We should punish the parents instead of the kids.’ So they go around to the parents and the mother says ‘Yes, I admit I’m a mess,’ and the father says ‘Of course I’m an alcoholic, but it was OUR parents who brought us up wrong, and we had all that trouble.’ Well, they can’t find them because they’re dead. And so you can go passing the buck way back, and you get to some characters called Adam and Eve. And when THEY were told they were responsible, they passed it again to a snake. And when that snake was asked about it, he passed the buck back to God, and God said ‘I disown you, because I don’t let my right hand know what my left hand doeth.’ And you know who the left hand of God is. The right hand is Jesus Christ, the left is the Devil. Only it mustn’t be admitted. Not on your life. But that’s the whole thing, you see, in a nutshell. That once you define yourelf as the puppet, you say ‘I’m just poor little me, and I got mixed up in this world. I didn’t ask to be born. My father and mother gave me a body which is a system of tubes into which I got somehow mixed up, and it’s a maze and a tunnel and I don’t understand a way around it. It needs all these engineers and doctors and so on to fix it, educate it, tell it how to keep going, and I’m mixed up in it. Poor little me.’ Well this is nonsense! You aren’t mixed up in it, it’s you, and everybody’s being a blushing violet and saying ‘I’m not responsible for this universe, I merely came into it.’ And the whole function of every great guru is to kid you out of that, and look at you and say ‘Don’t give me that line of bull.’ But you have to be tactful; you have to be effective. You can’t just tell people this. You can’t talk people out of an illusion. It’s a curious thing. But at any rate, the point is that God is what nobody admits to being, and everybody really is. You don’t look out there for God, something in the sky, you look in you. In other words, underneath the surface of the consciousness that you have and the individual role that you play and are identifying yourself with, you are the works. Just as you ARE beating your heart, in the same way you’re shining the sun, and you’re responsible. But in our culture, you mayn’t admit this, because if you come on that you’re God, they’ll put you in the nuthouse. Because our idea of God is based on Near Eastern politics, and so if you’re God, then you’re the ruler, the governor – ‘Oh Lord our governor!’ It is not at the moment common sense, not plausible, because of our condition, but we can very simply come to see that YOU are not some kind of accident that pops up for a while and then vanishes – but that deep inwards, you are what there is and all that there is, which is eternal, and that which there is no whicher. That’s you. Now, you don’t have to remember that all the time, as you don’t have to remember how to beat your heart. You could die and forget everything you ever knew in this lifetime, because it’s not necessary to remember it. You’re going to pop up as somebody else later on, just as you did before, without knowing who you were. It’s as simple as that. You were born once, you can get born again. If there was a cosmic explosion once that blew everything into existence and is going to fizzle out, if it happened once, it can happen again, and it goes on..
https://www.nature.com/news/crispr-fixes-disease-gene-in-viable-human-embryos-1.22382 The researchers targeted a mutation in a gene called MYBPC3. Such mutations cause the heart muscle to thicken — a condition known as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy >The researchers say that they have found no evidence of off-target genetic changes, and generated only a single mosaic in an experiment involving 58 embryos The CRISPR system requires an enzyme called Cas9, which cuts the genome at a site targeted by an RNA guide molecule
https://www.nature.com/news/chinese-scientists-fix-genetic-disorder-in-cloned-human-embryos-1.22694 Rather than replacing entire sections of genes, the team, led by Junjiu Huang at Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhou, China, tweaked individual DNA letters, or bases, using a precision gene-editing technology developed in the United States Huangʼs team used ‘base editingʼ, a modification of CRISPR–Cas9. It guides an enzyme to specific gene sequences, but does not cut the DNA. Instead, the Cas9 enzyme is disabled and tethered to another enzyme that can swap out individual DNA base pairs. So far, this technique can convert guanine (‘Gʼ) to adenine (‘Aʼ), and cytosine (‘Cʼ) to thymine (‘Tʼ). Hundreds of genetic diseases are caused by single-base changes, or ‘point mutations’ Huangʼs team chose one mutation common in the Chinese population: a switch from an A to a G at a certain spot in the HBB gene, which can lead to β-thalassaemia, a recessive blood disorder associated with severe or fatal anaemia The researchers reported that in 8 of 20 cloned embryos, they were able to convert the errant G back into an A in one or both copies of the gene
http://reoxy.org/dnamind.htm >DNA is minded and conscious DNA is minded and conscious. It is the living language substance of life, and it lives inside all the cells of all life forms on Earth. As your eyes scan these words, there are two meters of DNA in every single cell in your eyeballs, winding and unwinding like a snake [Joseph] Campbell dwells on two crucial turning points for the cosmic serpent in world mythology. The first occurs “in the context of the patriarchy of the Iron Age Hebrews of the first millenium B.C., [where] the mythology adopted from the earlier neolithic and Bronze Age civilizations . . . became inverted, to render an argument just the opposite to that of its origin” In the Judeo-Christian creation story told in the first book of the Bible, one find elements which are common to so many of the world’s creation myths: the serpent, the tree, and the twin beings; but for the first time, the serpent, “who had been revered in the Levant for at least 7000 years before the composition of the Book of Genesis,” plays the part of the villian. Yahweh, who replaces it in the role of creator, ends up defeating “the serpent of the cosmic sea, Leviathan.”
Western culture has cut itself off from the serpent/life principle, in other words DNA, since it adopted an exclusively rational point of view
The peoples who practice what we call “shamanism” communicate with DNA
Paradoxically, the part of humanity that cut itself off from the serpent managed to discover its material existence in a laboratory some 3000 years late
http://reoxy.org/l_memo.htm A Memo Designed to Cheer Up the Human Race These days—as we would expect from a Judeo-Christian-Marxist era—it is fashionable for intellectuals to complain about humanity’s destructive and pessimistic trend While, in all charity we can understand the hive meaning of this pessimism, it is the task of Evolutionary Agents to counter it by repeating: the Genetic Plan is working out perfectly. The human cards are in no position to interfere with the DNA deal
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Five_Precepts
I undertake the training rule to avoid sexual misconduct Abandoning sensual misconduct, he abstains from sensual misconduct. He does not get sexually involved with those who are protected by their mothers, their fathers, their brothers, their sisters, their relatives, or their Dhamma; those with husbands, those who entail punishments, or even those crowned with flowers by another man
As all Buddhas refrained from sexual misconduct until the end of their lives, so I too will refrain from sexual misconduct until the end of my life The Eight Precepts are for upāsakas and upāsikās who wish to practice Buddhism more strictly than through adherence to the five precepts
I undertake to abstain from sexual activity
Refrain from unchastity (sensuality, sexuality, lust)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noble_Eightfold_Path#The_Eight_Divisions Right View: To get the right enlightenment the other world (heaven and underworld/ hell “He has the right views (sammiiditthiko hotz), he does not see things in a wrong way: that which is given exists, that which is sacrificed exists, that which in poured (into the fire) exists, the fruit, i.e. retribution for good and evil actions, exists, the world, here, exists, the other world exists, the mother exists, the father exists, beings who appear (spontaneously) exist, in the world ascetics and brahmans exist who have gone and followed the right path and who describe this world and the other world from their own experience and realization.” In the Theravada Buddhist Canon, many episodes appear where the Buddha emphasizes that accepting the reality of an afterlife is a part of having the Right View >Later on, right view came to explicitly include karma and rebirth Right Resolve: the giving up home and adopting the life of a religious mendicant in order to follow the path; this concept aims at peaceful renunciation, into an environment of non-sensuality, non-ill-will (to loving kindness), away from cruelty (to compassion). Such an environment aids contemplation of impermanence, suffering, and non-Self Right Conduct: no killing or injuring, no taking what is not given, no sexual acts >”Right view” (samyak-dṛuṣṭi / sammā-diṭṭhi) or “right understanding”explicates that our actions have consequences, that death is not the end, that our actions and beliefs also have consequences after death, and that the Buddha followed and taught a successful path out of this world and the other world (heaven and underworld or hell >Mundane right view, knowledge of the fruits of good behavior. Having this type of view will bring merit and will support the favourable rebirth of the sentient being in the realm of samsara Supramundane (world-transcending) right view, the understanding of karmic and rebirth, as implicated in the Four Noble Truths, leading to awakening and liberation from rebirths and associated dukkha in the realms of samsara Karma: Every action of body, speech, and mind has karmic results, and influences the kind of future rebirths and realms a being enters into Three marks of existence: everything, whether physical or mental, is impermanent (anicca), a source of suffering (dukkha), and lacks a self (anatta) And what is right resolve? Being resolved on renunciation, on freedom from ill will, on harmlessness: This is called right resolve The Anguttara Nikaya III.208, states Harvey, asserts that the right livelihood does not trade in weapons, living beings, meat, alcoholic drink or poison raising and trading cattle livestock for slaughter is a breach of “right livelihood” precept in the Buddhist tradition Nevertheless, females are seen as polluted with menstruation, sexual intercourse, death and childbirth. Rebirth as a woman is seen in the Buddhist texts as a result of part of past karma, and inferior than that of a man “women go to hell” not because of her intentions nor actions (kamma), but simply because of the biology of her gender and the bodily functions over which she has no choice Similar discriminatory presumptions are found in other Buddhist texts such as the Blood Bowl Sutra and the Longer Sukhāvatīvyūha Sūtra In the Five Obstacles theory[note 7] of Buddhism, a woman is required to attain rebirth as a man before she can adequately pursue the Eightfold Path and reach perfect Buddhahood “A woman’s body is filthy, it is not a Dharma-receptacle. How can you attain unexcelled bodhi?… Also a woman’s body even then has five obstacles The Lotus Sutra similarly presents the story of the Dragon King’s daughter, who desires to achieve perfect enlightenment. The Sutra states that, “Her female organs vanished, the male organs became visible, then she appeared as a bodhisattva” >Peter Harvey lists many Sutras that suggest “having faded out the mind-set of a woman and developed the mind-set of a man, he was born in his present male form”, and who then proceeds to follow the Path and became an Arahant.[110] Among Mahayana texts, there is a sutra dedicated to the concept of how a person might be born as a woman. The traditional assertion is that women are more prone to harboring feelings of greed, hatred and delusion than a man
https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/Isaiah-Chapter-56/#5 3 Neither let the son of the stranger, that hath joined himself to the LORD, speak, saying, The LORD hath utterly separated me from his people: neither let the eunuch say, Behold, I am a dry tree 4 For thus saith the LORD unto the eunuchs that keep my sabbaths, and choose the things that please me, and take hold of my covenant 5 Even unto them will I give in mine house and within my walls a place and a name better than of sons and of daughters: I will give them an everlasting name, that shall not be cut off
https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/Deuteronomy-Chapter-22/ 5 The woman shall not wear that which pertaineth unto a man, neither shall a man put on a woman’s garment: for all that do so are abomination unto the LORD thy God
https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/Galatians-Chapter-3/#28 28 There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither bond nor free, there is neither male nor female: for ye are all one in Christ Jesus
https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/Matthew-Chapter-19/#12 11 But he said unto them, All men cannot receive this saying, save they to whom it is given 12 For there are some eunuchs, which were so born from their mother’s womb: and there are some eunuchs, which were made eunuchs of men: and there be eunuchs, which have made themselves eunuchs for the kingdom of heaven’s sake. He that is able to receive it, let him receive it
https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/1-Corinthians-Chapter-6/#9 9 Know ye not that the unrighteous shall not inherit the kingdom of God? Be not deceived: neither fornicators, nor idolaters, nor adulterers, nor effeminate, nor abusers of themselves with mankind, 10 Nor thieves, nor covetous, nor drunkards, nor revilers, nor extortioners, shall inherit the kingdom of God.
https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/1-Corinthians-Chapter-11/#14 14 Doth not even nature itself teach you, that, if a man have long hair, it is a shame unto him?
https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/John-Chapter-15/ 7 If ye abide in me, and my words abide in you, ye shall ask what ye will, and it shall be done unto you
https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/Matthew-Chapter-18/ 1 At the same time came the disciples unto Jesus, saying, Who is the greatest in the kingdom of heaven? 2 And Jesus called a little child unto him, and set him in the midst of them, 3 And said, Verily I say unto you, Except ye be converted, and become as little children, ye shall not enter into the kingdom of heaven. 4 Whosoever therefore shall humble himself as this little child, the same is greatest in the kingdom of heaven. 5 And whoso shall receive one such little child in my name receiveth me. 19 Again I say unto you, That if two of you shall agree on earth as touching any thing that they shall ask, it shall be done for them of my Father which is in heaven
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mukhannathun Mukhannathun (نوثنخم “effeminate ones”, “men who resemble women”, singular mukhannath) is Classical Arabic, an ancient antecedent to the modern conception of transgender women, who, as time went on, were forced to be castrated A hadith is Sunan Abu Dawud 41, 4910 A mukhannath who had dyed his hands and feet with henna was brought to the Prophet. He asked: What is the matter with this man? He was told: Apostle of Allah! he affects women’s get-up. So he ordered regarding him and he was banished to an-Naqi’. The people said: Apostle of Allah! should we not kill him? He said: I have been prohibited from killing people who pray According to the scholar and hadith collector al-Nawawi: A mukhannath is the one (“male”) who carries in his movements, in his appearance and in his language the characteristics of a woman. There are two types; the first is the one in whom these characteristics are innate, he did not put them on by himself, and therein is no guilt, no blame and no shame, as long as he does not perform any (illicit) act or exploit it for money (prostitution etc.). The second type acts like a woman out of immoral purposes and he is the sinner and blameworthy Ibn ‘Abd al-Barr, who was a contemporary scholar of Ibn Hazm, observed: >The mukhannath is not only the one who is known to be promiscuous. The mukhannath is (also?) the one who looks so much like a woman physically that he resembles women in his softness, speech, appearance, accent and thinking. If he is like this, he would have no desire for women and he would not notice anything about them. This is one of those who have no interest in women who were permitted to enter upon women At one point in time during the Umayyad Caliphate, a caliph, usually identified as Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik, reportedly ordered that all mukhannathun should be castrated A number of these also report a series of quips said to have been pronounced by them on the occasion. The fullest version of these statements is offered by Hamza, whose list is as follows: Ṭuways: “This is simply a circumcision which we must undergo again.” >al-Dalal: “Or rather the Greater Circumcision!” Nasim al-Sahar: “With castration I have become a mukhannath in truth!” >Nawmat al-Duha: “Or rather we have become women in truth!” The last two statements imply that what the mukhannathiin underwent was jibdb, the more drastic form of castration in which the penis is truncated http://falundafa.org/eng/eng/pdf/zfl_en.pdf As a matter of fact, the Chief Spirit and its physical body are also not necessarily of the same sex, as we have found that now there are a great number of men who have female Spirits and a great number of women who have male Spirits The Zhu Yuanshen ( the Chief Spirit) that we are talking about here refers to our own thinking. We should understand what we are thinking about and what we are doing. This is just the genuine you yourself Judging from the high dimensional spaces or in history, the issue of sex and desires is regarded as extremely important when a person is judged to see if he is able to cultivate or not. Therefore, we must really care little about these things. However, as we are cultivating ourselves among ordinary people, we do not require you to put an end to them completely, at least at the present stage, but you are required to care less about them, and should not treat them as before. As a practitioner, you should be this way
http://en.falundafa.org/eng/lectures/1996L.html From one life to another, how many parents, wives, sons, daughters, sisters and brothers have you had in each lifetime? In your long journey of life, you are even unable to count them. Also, some are human and some are not human. Which ones are real? It is just that human beings are lost too deeply in the maze! Your real parents are in the place where the universe created you. That is where your parents are Therefore, your real parents are right now watching you over there, hoping that you will return; but instead of returning, you get lost here and still feel that your relatives are all here For human beings to be human is not the goal. The goal is to return to your original true self You still want to return to that paradise that you originally came from, the place where your life was created As for your moving up in cultivation, if you can really reach a very high level through cultivation and can return to your original position, while being in that paradise, you can always visit your relatives in that paradise and stroll around and take a look. It does not matter as to which paradise you are in
http://www.northernshamanism.org/ergi-the-way-of-the-third.html Interviews with these “transformed shamans” report that the spirits informed the shamans in question that they were required to put on the clothing and take up the jobs of the opposite sex; in some cases, they lived their whole life in this way, including taking lovers appropriate to their role, and in some cases the male-to-female shamans would ritually mime childbirth a “shaman-wife” of this type did not have to observe the taboos of women, but could accompany their husband to battle In some cases, the transformed shaman had a spirit-husband or spirit-wife who had transformed them to be the “right” gender for that marriage as far as the spirit-spouse was concerned. Researchers tell of the troubles of being married to such a one, as the spirit-spouse was considered the “real” head of household, and the shaman’s spouse had to obey the commands of the shaman’s spirit-husband or be fatally punished >Herodotus and Hippocrates both discuss the “enarees”, or male-to-female transsexual shamans among the ancient Scythians, who “mutilated” their genitalia and took on female roles Ovid actually claimed that some Scythian priestesses knew how to extract “female poison” distilled from the urine of a mare in heat, with which to dose men in order to feminize them. The average person might throw this off as silliness, if they didn’t know that pregnant mare’s urine is the main source of Premarin They also ate a lot of licorice root – so popular among them that the Greeks to whom they exported it referred to it as “the Scythian root” – which is also an anti-androgen
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Ov.+Am. +1.8&fromdoc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0068 Ovid, Amores 1.8 Of herbs and spells she tries the guilty force, >The poison of a mare that goes to horse
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Hdt.%204.67&lang=original There are many diviners among the Scythians, who divine by means of many wi!low wands as I will show. They bring great bundles of wands, which they lay on the ground and unfasten, and utter their divinations as they lay the rods down one by one; and while still speaking, they gather up the rods once more and place them together again; [2] this manner of divination is hereditary among them. The Enarees, who are hermaphrodites, say that Aphrodite gave them the art of divination, which they practise by means of lime-tree bark. They cut this bark into three portions, and prophesy while they braid and unbraid these in their fingers
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text? doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.01.0126%3Abook%3D4%3Achapter%3D108%3Asection %3D1 The Budini are a great and populous nation; the eyes of them all are very bright, and they are ruddy. They have a city built of wood, called Gelonus. The wall of it is three and three quarters miles in length on each side of the city; this wall is high and all of wood; and their houses are wooden, and their temples;
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text? doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.02.0137%3Abook%3D4%3Achapter%3D26#note50 >CHAP. 26.—SCYTHIA the Thyssagetæ, the Budini, the Basilidæ, and the Agathyrsi50 with their azure-coloured hair. Above them are the Nomades, and then a nation of Anthropophagi or cannibals.
https://dash.harvard.edu/bitstream/handle/1/8456537/ witzel_shamanismnorthern.pdf?sequence=2 Tungus: adept shot, cut up, bones separated; spirits eat his flesh; shaman spirits drink blood of reindeer, also the adept; ancestors give up his body, he begins to shamanize; transvestite Shamans
http://deoxy.org/ayalien.htm In spite of the frequency with which Pablo depicts spaceships, he is sparse in his commentary about them. Pablo says that these vehicles may take many shapes, are able to attain infinite speed, and can travel underwater or under the earth
The spaceships are Soma bodies – ‘externalizations of of the soul,’ to paraphrase Terrence McKenna. Soma bodies can attain large fractions of lightspeed, travel through wormholes, and pierce Water and Earth – in fact, graphene becomes less likely to shatter at the high velocities required to move through them;
https://www.chemistryworld.com/news/graphene-transformed-into-diamond-under-pressure/3008451.article Crushing a double layer of graphene under extremely high pressures can turn it into an ultrathin diamond film, researchers in the US have found Even diamond indenter could not mark the bilayer-covered surface, suggesting it was at least as stiff as diamond
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/adma.201101061/abstract Room-Temperature Compression-Induced Diamondization of Few-Layer Graphene
They belong to advanced extraterrestrial civilizations that live in perfect harmony. Great Amerindian civilizations like the Maya, Tiahuanaco, and Inca had contact with these beings. Pablo says that he saw in his journeys with ayahuasca that the Maya knew about this brew, and that they left for other worlds at some point in their history
The perfect harmony is due to low-activity MAOA/B alleles, and high-activity TH alleles. Small doses of amphetamine synthesized from ephedra enable people with such alleles to enter into life-long psychotic euphoria;
https://academic.oup.com/schizophreniabulletin/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/schbul/ 18.1.115 Identification of the latter two indicates a lasting change in the brain that produces and maintains a schizophrenia-like paranoid psychotic state without MAP. The characteristic course seen in the transient type is acute recurrence of the psychotic state after a long remission period, almost identical to the initial episode, due to reuse of MAP or to psychological stressors Such lasting vulnerability of the brain to schizophrenia-like psychotic symptoms may be caused by a lasting sensitization of the brain to the psychotogenic action of MAP resulting from its chronic abuse Experimental studies using animals sensitized to MAP-induced stereotypy suggest that lasting enhancement of MAP-induced dopamine release in the striatum and nucleus accumbens is related to the development and expression of brain vulnerability to schizophrenic symptoms MEX displayed 59% frequency of the high-activity C allele of Rs2070762 of the TH gene, a level which isn’t seen in any other population. The Maya may have displayed this C allele at higher frequencies before European admixture, and other Shaman are quoted as saying;
https://www.indybay.org/uploads/2011/04/17/cosmicserp.pdf Then, a few pages away, another shaman is quoted as saying: “At the very beginning, before the birth of the earth, this earth here, our most distant ancestors lived on another earth
In fact he says that some of the flying saucers seen by people today are piloted by Maya wise men
Yes – more-or-less regular humans reside inside the other planets of our solar system, which are also hollow and have worlds on their inner surfaces. Beyond our solar system, other stars and planets exist, also inhabited with regular humans.
Out of 42,000 surveyed “Sun-like” stars, 10 or 0.000238095238095% were “Earth size and orbit in the habitable zone, where conditions permit surface liquid water.” The galaxy has 400bil stars, of which 7% or 28bil are type G, and of those 0.000238095238095% or 6,666,666.66666 will be Earth-sized and orbit at a distance that allows liquid water.
These are the other worlds inhabited by the Maya and other humans. If we were to divide 6,666,666.66666 by 72 = 92,592.5925925, we would derive the number of worlds beholden to each El. Thus, an El can be said to be a ‘100,000-World-Lord,’ and if Earth is any measure, each 100,000-World-Lord rules over roughly 7bil subjects -7,000,000,000 * 100,000 = 700,000,000,000,000. The 100,000 worlds are sub-divided into three groups of 33,333 worlds – a Matriarchy rules over 33,333 worlds, a Patriarchy rules 33,333 worlds, and on 33,333 worlds hermaphrodites rule over men and women. One world is the special capital of the 100,000-World-Lord, who is one of the 71 children of Re –
They want to take me with them, but I don’t want to go because these people eat each other
Like the Si-Te-Cah, many of these space-people are cannibals;
https://www.britannica.com/topic/cannibalism-human-behaviour A widespread custom going back into early human history, cannibalism has been found among peoples on most continents the practice prevailed until modern times in parts of West and Central Africa, Melanesia (especially Fiji), New Guinea, Australia, among the Maoris of New Zealand, in some of the islands of Polynesia, among tribes of Sumatra, and in various tribes of North and South America
But they no longer come close because I blew tobacco on them
Nicotine, one of many active ingredients in tobacco, is an Aromatase inhibitor;
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/3711333/ Nicotine, cotinine, and anabasine inhibit aromatase in human trophoblast in vitro >These findings suggest that some nicotinic alkaloids directly inhibit aromatase. This mechanism may explain, in part, the decreased estrogen observed in women who smoke
These Heavenly hermaphrodites covet their femininity, and fear tobacco because it destroys their beauty.
Shipibo shamans receive books in which they can read the condition of patients, have spirit pharmacies, or travel on airplanes Don Alejandro Vazquez, a vegetalista living in Iquitos, told me that besides angels with swords and soldiers with guns, he has a jet fighter which he uses when he is attacked by strong sorcerers
I have a spiritual M14 rifle and a spiritual sword of unrealistic, fantastic make – both of it’s straight edges are sharp as razors, but otherwise it resembles a European longsword.
My Heavenly mansion, surrounded by six walls, is a graveyard, a soup kitchen, a homeless shelter, a bar, an inn, an ambrosia shop, a monastary and a hospital. Surmounting it is the canopy of the world tree, whose trunk stands behind the house along with a pond filled with fish to eat. In the yard grows wheat, and poppies, and ephedra, cannabis and Salvia divinorum; from the lignin grows ergot, species of psilocybe, and fruit trees;
Alpine larch – Larix lyallii Bald cypress – Taxodium distichum California redwood – Sequoia sempervirens Chilean pine – Araucaria araucana Chinese juniper – Juniperus chinensis Common hawthrone – Crataegus monogyna Pollinators: Diadasia australis Douglas fir – Pseudotsuga menziesii European yew – Taxus baccata Formosan cypress – Chamaecyparis formosensis Foxtail pine – Pinus balfouriana Parasites: African wild silk moth (Gonometa postica) Giant sequoia – Sequoiadendron gigantium Great Basin bristlecone pine – Pinus longaeva Japanese maple – Acer palmatum ‘Atropurpureum’ Japanese red cedar – Cryptomeria japonica Jequitiba-branco – Cariniana legalis Kauri – Agathis australis Mediterranean cypress – Cupressus sempervirens Montezuma cypress – Taxodium mucronatum Mountain ash – Eucalyptus regnans Pollinators: Diadasia australis, Oriental latrine fly (Chrysomya megacephala) Nootka cypress – Cupressus nootkatensis Olive – Olea europaea Oriental plane – Platanus orientalis Pacific red cedar – Thuja plicata Patagonian cypress – Fitzroya cupressoides Pedunculate oak – Quercus robar Pond cypress – Taxodium ascendens Rocky mountain bristlecone pine – Pinus aristata Parasites: African wild silk moth (Gonometa postica) Rocky mountain juniper – Juniperus scopulorum Rocky mountain white pine – Pinus flexilis Parasites: African wild silk moth (Gonometa postica) Sacred fig – Ficus religiosa Pollinators: Platyscapa quadraticeps Silver birch – Betula pendula Southern live oak – Quercus virginiana Sweet chestnut – Castanea sativa Western juniper – Juniperus occidentalis White cedar – Thuja occidentalis
a shaman ascending to heaven to mingle with heavenly people or, conversely, celestial beings descending to the place of the ceremony The stars are the lights of a dwelling group of a nature which is intermediate between solid bodies and air. Those dwellings are inhabited by beautiful women who in the night spin cotton lighted by lamps similar to those of white people They reproduce themselves by the will of Paptummatti {literally, the Great Father} without the intervention of men, always giving birth to females. They move from one house to the other by means of golden saucers with which they also travel to other worlds, occasionally descending to any of them to transport in their vehicles those persons who are worthy of divine favor
http://reoxy.org/8circuit.htm#c6 When humans have climbed out of the atmosphere-gravity well of planetary life, accelerated sixth circuit contelligence will make possible high-energy communication with “Higher Intelligences,” i.e., ourselves-in-the-future and other post-terrestrial races
http://reoxy.org/8circuit.htm#c8 It is therefore possible that the mysterious “entities” (angels and extraterrestrials) monotonously reported by circuit VIII visionaries are members or races already evolved to this level. But it is also possible, as Leary and Sarfatti more recently suggest, that They are ourselves-in-the-future
https://ia801406.us.archive.org/8/items/originevolutiono00churrich/ originevolutiono00churrich.pdf He was the first—the little red man of the earth From the Pygmy, evolution continued pro- gressively in the following order : I. Bushmen. 2. Masaba Negro. 3. Nilotic Negro. 4. Masi, and 5. Mongoloids, and then the so-called Aryanists 1st Group—The Non-Totemic or Pre-Totemic People The Pygmy Group includes all the so-called negrillos or negretos—all Pygmies. >All these have no Totemic ceremonies. They believe in a Great Spirit. They propitiate Elementary Powers and departed Spirits. And although they have dances as Sign Language, they have no Totemic ceremonies —no written language—they speak a mono- syllabic language and have a Sign and Gesture Language Their implements are limited and primitive. They have no folk-lore tales. >They have no magic. They have no initiatory rites or Totemic marks >2nd Group Bushmen and Masaba Negroes have dances like the Pygmies. They have no Totemic ceremonies or Totems, but are the connecting links between the Pygmy race and the- 3rd Group—Totemic Nilotic Negro.—These have Totemic cere- monies and Totems, and the second exodus of these have what Dr Haddon has termed ” Hero Cult ” instead of ” Hero Worship,” which term I shall use, as it is, in my opinion, more expressive >4TH Group These were the Stellar Mythos people who existed as such for over 260,000 years. Their skill and knowledge may be gauged by the many great cities and the huge and marvellously fashioned blocks of stone, the remains of which may still be found in Africa, Central and South America and other places. Two ages of these can also be separately identified ; the first exodus having Sut or Set for the Primary God and being buried with face to the south, and the second, the followers of Horus, being buried with face to the north These were followed by the Lunar and Solar Mythos people, who are now giving place to the Christian Outside Africa they still exist—in New Guinea, New Hebrides, the forest of Bolivia in South America, the mountains in China, the Philippine Islands, the Sakais in the Malay Peninsula, and in Northern India. They have been exterminated in Europe, North America, Japan, Australia and Tas- mania Steatopygia.—In some there is very distinct enlargement and development of the gluteal region—as in the Bushman The chin is small in all, and the mandible is narrowest and inclined to be pointed >They told Mr Giel they believe that when they die their spirit enters a great serpent >Again, during our wanderings in the forest, we came across many curious little structures —diminutive dwellings, which we were told wereghost-houses There the people sacrifice and place food for the spirits of the departed the Egyptians represented the first type of homo by the Pygmy—at the creation of the Solar Cult During the Solar Cult, man was first represented, and the Pygmy was thus por- trayed as the God Bes In the Egyptian Solar Mythos, Ptah was the great Architect of the Universe, but not theuniverseasacosmologicalcreation. Ptah was a Pygmy, and with his seven assistant Pygmies, created Amenta, or the Lower Earth, which was represented by a passage hollowed out of the earth, as an ideograph of the earth that was formed by Ptah and his seven Pygmies formed for the passage of the “manes” and the Sun and Moon for the first time in the Solar Mythos. It was through the earth, and not around the earth as formerly in Stellar and Lunar Mythos Thus we see that the old wise men of Egypt first represented the Solar in human type, and that that type was primordial man- represented by the Pygmies : the old Egyp-tians knowing that they originated or de- scended from these >Heusedsacredsignsandsymbols common to all, and danced the history of the past in various forms and ceremonies which all understood ; so that if a stranger came to the camp he would be known whence he came by his dance. They live by hunting and fishing. They use bows and poisoned arrows and little spears and clubs. They are a palaeolithic nomad race, living in groups and passing from one place to another—the greatest and the first hunters, They fashion stone, flint, quartz and bamboo into knives ; and some tribes make nets, also primitive boats, by tying together bundles of papyri in lots of three, etc. They have no Totemic rites or Totemic cere- monies, but they have dances in which they dance in Sign Language the ideas and beliefs which their limited monosyllabic language cannot express. ii. Occasionally, and mostly in young women, steatopygia —greatly developed gluteal region —caused by the primitive mode of copulation practised, which fashion was changed by the Nilotic Negro And I will just say here that the Nilotic Negro left old Egypt and followed the Pygmy throughout the world, driving him in front and away to inaccessible regions, where the Nilotic Negro could not or did not follow The Pygmies were the first men that went out from Africa Because, as some of the Pygmies travelled south, in evolution they further developed into the Bushman, spread over South Africa
https://www.bibliotecapleyades.net/vida_alien/alien_lyssaroyal25.htm the first Lyrans or ‘first expression of physicality’ was smaller than the present average human One giant type of Lyran was said to be from six to nine feet tall. The females were in the lower range These Lyrans were also Caucasian, of light skin, hair and eyes A genetic offshoot from this tall-bodied race was the red-haired Lyrans. Skin was very fair, and eyes light to green, but not all were tall; some were of average human stature. These redheads have been accused by other worlds as being invaders and plunderers. The pure bred was aggressive and violent and to some degree rebellious The red hair was apparently the result of colonization of another planet in which the mineral content and the atmosphere caused mutations, leading to a red hue. Further subgroups were formed but overall we inherited genes from the Caucasian Lyrans, the giants and the red heads.
This occured over 7.1Gya. The first humans were very short (<5′,) with very low BMI, albino coloration, and long skulls. They had stick-straight hair due to the derived EDAR allele. They lived on megastructures, and invented guns to compensate for their small size. Arcturus is their oldest extant colony, and the Lyran pygmies there evolved shorter heights (<4′,) blue eyes, a ‘lightbulb’ shape to their skulls, Mandril-blue skin, and hands and feet with only three digits; a thumb, ring finger and index finger. These Lyran pygmies and Arcturans belonged to Y-haplogroup BT, and mtDNA-haplogroup L1’2’3’4’5’6.
On high gravity (1G+) worlds, a larger, more robust body was evolved; the Nordic inherited blue eyes from the Arcturians, and evolved blond hair and excessive height (6-8’+,) as well as a rosy skin color. The ‘lightbulb head’ shape is less pronounced in Nordics. These Nordics were defined by Y-haplogroup CT and mtDNA-haplogroup L3. A further development occured when groups of Nordics who came to be called Edomites colonized high-sulfur worlds, where they evolved red hair, a more moderate height (6′,) and excessive aggression, ambition and lust. A new form of ocular albinism emerged among the Edomites, and they inherited the ‘lightbulb head’ from the Arcturians and developed a slight slope to their foreheads and more projecting noses. These Edomites were defined by Y-haplogroups C and F, and mtDNA-haplogroups M and N.
Edomites colonized the Tau Ceti system around 5.8Gya, along with groups of albino pygmies and Nordics. Specifically, they colonized the moon of Tau Ceti e. The moon was covered in a giant ice sheet, and bacteria released sulfur as a byproduct, which largely composed the thin atmosphere. To avoid having to grow fur, they created sheep and created wool clothing – still, they evolved a coat of thick vellus hair. Their eyes grew enormous to due to the low light levels.
Around 4.55Gya, a group of Y-haplogroup BT/CT/F/mtDNA-haplogroup N Edomites entered the Sol system, and colonized Mars. The low light levels forced their eyes to enlarge, and the cold climate caused them to evolve vellus hair. The low gravity caused the Martians to evolve very thin, weak bones and muscles rather than growing taller. The ‘black’ Martians with dark pigment lived in the mountains, while the ‘white’ Martians lived along the coast and on barges. Around 3.7Gya, Mars began to dry and they migrated to Earth and Titan by transforming themselves into Soma mummies – the practice is today remembered as Sokushinbutsu, and is the cause of the carbon deficit on Mars. Being forced to live in cramped tunnels beneath the surface caused these Martian refugees to become short (5′) while retaining their slim build, which was accentuated on Titan due to the even weaker gravity. The total lack of natural light eliminated the black Martian phenotype, and caused the Titanians to evolve even larger eyes, emphasizing the ancestral ocular albinism, and eventually giving way to total colorblindness.
Around 410Mya, a group of Y-haplogroup C/mtDNA-haplogroup M Edomites colonized Vega, where the excess UV radiation forced them to evolve slanted eyes and dark skin. Some of these Vegans migrated to the mountains, where they evolved short skulls and long curved noses. Among certain mountain Vegan groups, the sloping Edomite forehead became very pronounced, and in others the nose flattened instead. Some of the the long-skulled Vegans colonized Sirius around 312Mya, where they discovered a race of blubberous marine apes known as the Nommo. The Nommo had long, very flat skulls similar to A boisei. The Vegan-Nommo hybrids had black skin, a high BMI with extreme female fat deposits (Steatopygia,) some level of colorblindness, and deafness.
The age of Vega is estimated to be 455-/+13Mya;
http://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0004-637X/708/1/71/meta >we derive a best estimate of Vega’s age, 455 ± 13 Myr
The age of Sirius is estimated to be 225-250Mya, 520-/+160Mya, or 375-/+19Mya;
https://arxiv.org/pdf/astro-ph/0507523.pdf we employed the TYCHO stellar evolution code to de- termine the age of the Sirius A,B binary system accurately, at 225–250 Mya >Using Str omgren photometry, Asiain et al. (1999) estimate 520±160 Myr At the extreme, with Z = 1/2 solar, a good fit can be achieved at an age of 375±19 Myr
Before this time (312Mya,) Lyrans didn’t have a written language. They used ‘subtle communication,’ which involved speech, eye movements, facial expressions, body language, etc – similar to bee dancing. Unable to hear and with poor vision, these Vegan-Nommo hybrids invented writing, first as individuals for their own purposes, than among Vegan-Nommon hybrid families, and finally when they began to make up the majority on certain megastructures around Sirius, they created the first pictographic languages composed of thousands of symbols. Earth Heiroglyphics and Hanzi descend from these Vegan-Nommo hybrid pictographs, and this is why peoples on Earth claim to have learned things from Sirians.
Around 312Mya, Vegan-Nommo hybrids began to spread throughout Lyran space onboard Albino pygmy starships. Everyone wanted to breed with one and acquire generic proclivity towards writing. This highly diluted the original hybrid type, specifically running it through a founder effect that introduced heterozygosity for albinism dwarfism. Called Hamites, they had very long skulls with a mild ‘lightbulb head’ tendency. Their foreheads were rounded instead of sloped, and they had small button noses like the pygmies – but the pointed Edomite chin was retained.
These Hamites entered Sol around 312Mya. On Titan, they met the Martian refugees and created a race which had;
1: Short statures (5′) and very thin bones, 2: Red hair, 3: Very long-skulls, 4: Lightbulb-heads, 5: Hand and foot deformities, 6: High aggression and lust, 7: Large red eyes, 8: Excess vellus hair, 9: Steatopygia, 10: Colorblindness, 11: Deafness, 12: Y-haplogroup F/mtDNA-haplogroup-N.
This group also back-migrated to Arcturus, Lyra, Sirius and Vega and became the ruling elite, known as the Lunar dynasty, Somavansha or Da Yuezhi. They also formed unique maternal lines (H, K, U and T) and paternal lines (G, I, R) which are the ‘ruling bloodlines’ of interstellar humanity.
Roughly 1mil years ago, the Somavansha had it’s capital located near the south coast of Australia, and the Gulf of Tonkin. They lived on giant barges made of graphene, and didn’t leave human remains because they mumified their dead and dying into Soma. 790,000 years ago, the Suryavansha attacked the Soma capital, leading to a pole shift;
http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014E%26PSL.397…67V Microtektites from the Australasian impact were found at 0.6 m below the transition (790 ka±5 ka B.P.) and confirm that this large event occurred 12 ka prior to the polarity transition The distribution of tektite abundance was used to deconvolve the10Be/9Be signal. The results confirm that the beryllium changes are concentrated during the transitional period, thus likely in presence of a multipolar geomagnetic field (or in the vicinity of a geomagnetic pole) that favored the penetration of cosmic rays and consequently increased the 10Be production The absence of 10Be during the precursor indicates that the present site and the Indonesian ones were far away from a geomagnetic pole and that interlatitudinal atmospheric mixing was limited The geomagnetic pole positions above the Indonesian sites during the precursor would thus be incompatible with the corresponding inclined dipolar field during this period, and suggest the dominance of low-degree harmonics
The highest Be-10 levels are found in New South Wales, Australia;
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0016703704002741 >Corrected to the time of tektite production ꔆ0.8 My ago, the 10Be concentrations (106 atom/g) range from 59 for a layered tektite from Huai Sai, Thailand, to 280 for an australite from New South Wales, Australia Beryllium-10 is associated with nuclear blasts;
https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beryllium-10 Beryllium-10 has a half-life of 1.39 × 106 years, · and decays by beta decay to stable boron-10 It is also formed in nuclear explosions by a reaction of fast neutrons with 13C in the carbon dioxide in air, and is one of the historical indicators of past activity at nuclear test sites https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/17904707/ A preliminary study on the use of (10)Be in forensic radioecology of nuclear explosion sites
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geomagnetic_reversal The latest one, the Brunhes–Matuyama reversal, occurred 780,000 years ago, and may have happened very quickly, within a human lifetime
This destroyed global civilization, and the Soma relics floated on rafts to Australia, Japan, Shandong and Taiwan. They regressed to a late-iron age level of technology, but retained the ability to mummify people into Soma. From 790,000 years ago to roughly 250,000 years ago, the survivors lived in Australia in a context that was very similar to pre-Christian Europe.
Starting with mtDNA haplogroup N* in western Australia 340,000 years ago, they moved north into northwest Australia where mtDNA R* emerged 326,000 years ago. A branch of mtDNA R* became U, K, R0, HV, H, V and pre-JT after it migrated to southeast Australia around 324,000 years ago;
Proof of this haplogroup distribution is the presence of mtDNA U5 and V3c, and Y-haplogroups R1b1 and I in Australian aborigines, supposedly from admixture;
http://pnas.org/content/113/25/6892.full Ancient mtDNA sequences from the First Australians revisited >Mungo Man [Willandra Lakes Hominid (WLH3 The haplogroups observed for WLH4 were S2 and V3c
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2917718/#!po=32.8947 >Previous analysis of AuR mtDNA11,12 showed that 37 individuals are likely to have ancient Australian maternal origin with deep-rooting mtDNA lineages (haplogroups M42a and b, P4b and S1a), with one mtDNA of probable European origin (haplogroup U5) However, five of these Y chromosomes clearly fall into European haplogroups (R1b1 and I)
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4034217/ Competing hypotheses center on either a single Late Pleistocene dispersal into Eurasia between ꔆ50–75 ka or multiple dispersals beginning as early as the Middle Pleistocene ꔆ130 ka In an MD model, an initial dispersal between ꔆ50–100 ka occurs primarily along a coastal route through the southern Arabian Peninsula and is followed by a second dispersal through the Levant at ꔆ50 ka and into northern Eurasia (13, 14). This model proposes that extant, isolated populations in Asia could retain the biological signal of the initial, “southern route” dispersal This model proposes that extant, isolated populations in Asia could retain the biological signal of the initial, “southern route” dispersal Such hypothetical, “relic” populations could include Australians, Melanesians, Papuans, Dravidian speakers of South Asia, and short-statured “Negrito” populations of Southeast Asia. A recent genetic study proposed that living Australians are direct descendants of the southern route dispersal, whereas Papuans, Melanesians, and Philippine Aeta “Negrito” populations also retain a signal of the southern route, but one that is obscured owing to admixture with members of the second dispersal In this model of multiple dispersals with isolation (MDI), a southern route dispersal out of Africa commences between ꔆ62–75 ka and is followed by a second dispersal between ꔆ25–38 ka. An alternative chronology for the MDI model posits a southern route dispersal as early as the late Middle Pleistocene ꔆ130 ka (MDI-MP), rather than the Late Pleistocene (MDI-LP), and is based primarily on archaeological evidence in the Arabian Peninsula (6, 15) Our dataset conforms to this hypothesis in that neither the genetic nor the cranial phenotype dataset from our sampled populations separate the Indo-European and Dravidian speakers from India, as might be expected if the latter where relic descendants of the southern route dispersal Instead, both Indian samples exhibit closer genetic and phenotypic affinity to the hypothetical second dispersal descendants (the Japanese, Aeta/Agta, and Central Asian populations). Sampling of other isolated, relic populations will serve to further support this hypothesis Growing consensus on the southern route dispersal has been strengthened by the study of SNPs in hypothetical relic populations
This 130Kya date is based on Arabian fossil finds – since the publication of this paper, this date has been pushed back to 194Kya;
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/359/6374/456 To date, the earliest modern human fossils found outside of Africa are dated to around 90,000 to 120,000 years ago at the Levantine sites of Skhul and Qafzeh. A maxilla and associated dentition recently discovered at Misliya Cave, Israel, was dated to 177,000 to 194,000 years ago This finding changes our view on modern human dispersal and is consistent with recent genetic studies, which have posited the possibility of an earlier dispersal of Homo sapiensaround 220,000 years ago The Misliya maxilla is associated with full-fledged Levallois technology in the Levant, suggesting that the emergence of this technology is linked to the appearance of Homo sapiens in the region, as has been documented in Africa
This Levallois tool set has been found in Morocco circa 300Kya, and India dating to at least 385Kya;
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Levallois_technique Morocco: At Jebel Irhoud, a former barite mine located 100km west of Marrakesh, Levallois tools have been found. Dated as approximately 300,000 years old The tools the people at Jebel Irhoud were making were based on a knapping technique called Levallois, a sophisticated way of shaping stone tools. The date of 300,000 years ago adds to a growing realisation that Levallois originates a lot earlier than we thought. Is Jebel Irhoud telling us that this new technology is linked to the emergence of the hominin line that will lead to modern humans?
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature25444 Luminescence dating at the stratified prehistoric site of Attirampakkam, India, has shown that processes signifying the end of the Acheulian culture and the emergence of a Middle Palaeolithic culture occurred at 385 ± 64 thousand years ago (ka), much earlier than conventionally presumed for South Asia1. The Middle Palaeolithic continued at Attirampakkam until 172 ± 41 ka At Attirampakkam, the gradual disuse of bifaces, the predominance of small tools, the appearance of distinctive and diverse Levallois flake and point strategies, and the blade component all highlight a notable shift away from the preceding Acheulian large-flake technologies
mtDNA-haplogroup N* emerged in Australia-New-Guinea circa the Out-of-Africa dispersal, at least 194kYBP. Basal N* could be as old as 220Kya based on Out-of-Africa dispersals, or 385 -/+ 64Kya = 449Kya based on the Levallois technique.
Evidence exists for a single out-of-Africa dispersal;
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature18299 We estimate that Aboriginal Australians and Papuans diverged from Eurasians 51–72 kya, following a single out-of-Africa dispersal, and subsequently admixed with archaic populations
This 72kya date can be re-calibrated to 194kya, 220kya or 449kya.
The divergence age between human and neanderthal mtDNA is estimated to be 412Kya;
https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms16046/tables/1 Deeply divergent archaic mitochondrial genome provides lower time boundary for African gene flow into Neanderthals >Modern humans—Neanderthals 412,930
https://www.nature.com/articles/ncomms16046 Nuclear DNA indicated Neanderthals as a sister group of Denisovans after diverging from modern humans. However, the closer affinity of the Neanderthal mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to modern humans than Denisovans has recently been suggested as the result of gene flow from an African source into Neanderthals before 100,000 years ago. Here we report the complete mtDNA of an archaic femur from the Hohlenstein–Stadel (HST) cave in southwestern Germany. HST carries the deepest divergent mtDNA lineage that splits from other Neanderthals ꔆ270,000 years ago, providing a lower boundary for the time of the putative mtDNA introgression event. We demonstrate that a complete Neanderthal mtDNA replacement is feasible over this time interval analyses of Y-chromosome data from a male Neanderthal returned an age of 806–447 ka for the divergence of Neanderthal and modern human Y-chromosome lineages In contrast, the corresponding divergence time for mtDNA has been dated to ꔆ400 ka (95% highest posterior density (HPD), 498–295 ka
http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/07/neandertals-and-modern-humans-started-mating-early A female member of the lineage that gave rise to Homo sapiens in Africa mated with a Neandertal male more than 220,000 years ago—much earlier than other known encounters between the two groups. Her children spread her genetic legacy through the Neandertal lineage, and in time her African mtDNA completely replaced the ancestral Neandertal mtDNA
https://m.phys.org/news/2017-07-dna-early-neanderthal-timeline-modern.html >DNA of early Neanderthal gives timeline for new modern human-related dispersal from Africa During excavations near the entrance of Hohlenstein-Stadel cave in southwestern Germany in 1937 a 124,000 year old Neanderthal femur was discovered. Now its mitochondrial DNA was analyzed and provides a timeline for a suggested migration of hominins out of Africa before 220,000 years ago The genetic data recovered by the research team, led by scientists from the Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History and the University of Tübingen, provides a timeline for a proposed hominin migration out of Africa that occurred after the ancestors of Neanderthals arrived in Europe by a lineage more closely related to modern humans These hominins interbred with Neanderthals already present in Europe, leaving their mark on the Neanderthals’ mitochondrial DNA. The study, published today in Nature Communications, pushes back the possible date of this event to between 470,000 and 220,000 years ago
What this entails is that mtDNA-haplogroup N* could be as old as 220-470kYBP. Since L3 is thought to have potentially emerged in Eurasia;
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_L3_(mtDNA) the clade is believed to have arisen and dispersed from East Africa between 84,000 and 104,000 years ago.[1] An analysis of 369 complete African L3 sequences placed the maximal date of the clade’s expansion at around 70,000 years ago An Asia center of origin and dispersal for haplogroup L3 has also been hypothesized based on the fossil record, the similar coalescence dates of L3 and its Eurasian-distributed M and N derivative clades (~71 kya), the distant location in Southeast Asia of the oldest subclades of M and N After an initial Out-of-Africa migration of early anatomically modern humans around 125 kya, fully modern human L3-carrying females are thus proposed to have back-migrated from the maternal haplogroup’s place of origin in Eurasia around 70 kya
And since mtDNA *N is thought itself to be 71k years old;
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_N_(mtDNA) >Possible time of origin ~71,000 YBP[1][1]
This means that L3 could reasonably be 125ky – 71ky = 54ky + 470ky = 524ky. If H. heidelbergensis and the Y-BT/OCA2 line are seperate starting at 7my, then mtDNA *L3 dates to after the 629ky albino OCA2 mutation, and the 1.3my blue eye HERC2 mutation. Since the modern version of MCPH1 dates to 1.25my, this suggests a continuity of ‘Europoid’ traits dating back millions of years;
http://file.scirp.org/pdf/AA20120200004_71596882.pdf Re-Examining the “Out of Africa” Theory and the Origin of Europeoids (Caucasoids) in Light of DNA Genealogy Haplogroup B is descended from β-haplogroup (and not from haplogroup A, from which it is very distant, and separated by as much as 123,000 years of “lat- eral” mutational evolution) likely migrated to Africa after 46,000 ybp. The finding that the Europeoid haplogroups did not descend from “African” haplogroups A or B is supported by the fact that bearers of the Europeoid haplogroups, as well as all non-African haplogroups do not carry either SNPs M91, P97, M31, P82, M23, M114, P262, M32, M59, P289, P291, P102, M13, M171, M118 (haplogroup A and its subclades SNPs) or M60, M181, P90 (haplogroup B) The α-haplogroup which is the ancestral one with respect to both African (left branch) and non-African haplogroups (right branch) arose around 160,000 ybp, and 132,000 ybp gave rise to haplogroup A. Another, quite different branch, had formed a fork, then apparently went through a population bottleneck around 70 – 60 thousand ybp (perhaps the Toba event), and gave rise to β-haplogroup, ancestral to non-African haplogroups, 64,000 ± 6000 ybp. Apparently, haplogroup B was initially not of an African ori- gin. It could have migrated to Africa and mixed there with a local Negroid population. A common ancestor of the present- day bearers of haplogroup B lived 46,000 ybp. A similar story had occurred with a group of bearers of haplogroup R1b1 around 4000 ybp, who ventured to the center of African conti- nent during their westward migration along the African Medi-terranean shore, an became a Negroid population having an unusual (for Africa) haplogroup (Cruciani et al., 2010; Klyosov, 2012). The Mongoloid and Austronesian haplogroup C split ~36,000 ybp and gradually populated regions of Central Asia, Australia and Oceania. Haplogroup DE split to D and E around 42,000 ybp, and currently populates vast territory from North Africa to the west to Korea and Japan to the east
https://www.eva.mpg.de/documents/Elsevier/Yang_40000-year-old_CurrBiol_2017_2488539.pdf These results suggest that despite the geographical distance between them, the Tianyuan individual and GoyetQ116-1 may share ancestry from a population that did not contribute ancestry to the other Upper Paleolithic Eurasians analyzed to date. Other younger connections between Eastern and Western Eurasia have also been found. Lipson and Reich [19] find that the 24,000-year-old Malʼta1 [20] and 16,500-year-old AfontovaGora3 [4] from western Siberia and several 7,000- to 14,000-year-old Western Eurasian individuals show evidence of gene flow from a population related to the East and Southeast Asian Ami However, three South American populations—the Surui and Karitiana in Brazil (‘‘Amazoniansʼʼ) and the Chane in northern Argentina and southern Bolivia—share more alleles with the Tianyuan individual than other Native American popula- tions do (Figure 3A; Tables S2E, S2H, and S2J). The two Amazo- nian populations were recently shown to share more alleles with the present-day Papuan and Andamanese Onge than with other Native Americans
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4982469/ However, some morphological studies have suggested a more complex picture, whereby the northeast Asian affinities of present-day Native Americans contrast with a distinctive morphology seen in some of the earliest American skeletons, which share traits with present-day Australasians (indigenous groups in Australia, Melanesia, and island southeast Asia)5-8. Here we analyze genome-wide data to show that some Amazonian Native Americans descend partly from a Native American founding population that carried ancestry more closely related to indigenous Australians, New Guineans and Andaman Islanders than to any present-day Eurasians or Native Americans
https://www.nature.com/news/genomes-link-aboriginal-australians-to-indians-1.12219 Genomes link aboriginal Australians to Indians Mingling of genes four millennia ago suggests continent was not isolated after all Pugach confirmed an ancient association between the genomes of Australians, New Guineans and the Mamanwa — a Negrito group from the Philippines. These populations diverged around 36,000 years ago, suggesting that they all descended from an early southward migration out of Africa
https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/132555v1.full In Figure 1, some of the Mayan, Bolivian, and Quechua samples, which ADMIXTURE analyses show to contain up to 17% European admixture, are shifted to the right of the more pure Amerindian samples, toward the European and Middle Eastern samples. To the right of them is a Mixtec sample which is 23.5% European, and to the right of that Mixtec sample is the 30–40% European Chinchorro mummy In Figures 3 through 8, for all of the different values of K, the Chinchorro mummy sample consistently shows between 30% and 40% non-Amerindian admixture, and the only other samples that show a pattern of non-Amerindian components similar to that seen in the Chinchorro sample are the European samples from before the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) The Chinchorro sample is 31.66% non-Amerindian. It has a large amount of the blue component, and a small amount of the yellow component. The pre-LGM European samples also have large amounts of the blue component, and smaller amounts of the yellow component The Chinchorro sample is 32.13% non-Amerindian. It has a large amount of the blue component, a very small amount of the yellow component, and some of the purple component. The pre-LGM European samples also have large amounts of the blue component The Chinchorro sample is 34.30% non-Amerindian. It has significant amounts of the plain blue, light blue, and green components, and a small amount of the purple component. The pre-LGM European samples also have significant amounts of the plain blue, light blue, green, and purple components The Chinchorro sample is 37.00% non-Amerindian. It has significant amounts of the plain blue, light blue, and plain green components. The pre-LGM European samples also have significant amounts of the plain blue, light blue, and plain green components >The plain green component is absent in post-Magdalenian Europeans, and the pine green component is present in significant amounts in Europeans from the Copper Age on, which eliminates modern contamination as a possible source of the European admixture in the Chinchorro sample The medium blue component is completely absent in the Chinchorro sample, and since the Eastern European and Western Siberian hunter-gatherers are made up mostly of that component, they are excluded as sources of the European admixture in the Chinchorro sample The ADMIXTURE analyses further shed light on exactly which European population the non-Amerindian admixture in the Chinchorro sample might be from: only the pre-LGM Europeans show a pattern of non-Amerindian components similar to that seen in the Chinchorro sample, which strongly suggests that the pre-LGM Aurignacians or Gravettians, or possibly the LGM Solutreans, were the source of the admixture A complicating factor in identifying the exact source of the European admixture in the Chinchorro sample is the amount of divergent genetic drift that would have occurred between the arrival of the European source population in the Americas and the time of the Chinchorro individual analyzed. If the Solutreans were the source, and if they arrived in the Americas around 26,000 years ago, then around 20,000 years of divergent genetic drift would have accumulated in their American descendants by the time of the Chinchorro individual Regardless of the exact source of the European admixture in the Chinchorro sample, the fact that such admixture exists is the first ancient DNA proof of pre-Norse transatlantic contact
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R1b >Ancestor R1 R-M269, or R1b1a1a2 (as of 2017) amongst other names,[50] is now the most common Y-DNA lineage in European males. It is carried by an estimated 110 million males in Europe According to Haak et al. (2015), a massive migration from the Yamna culture northwards took place ca. 2,500 BCE, accounting for 75% of the genetic ancestry of the Corded Ware culture, noting that R1a and R1b may have “spread into Europe from the East after 3,000 BCE”. All the seven Yamna samples belonged to the R1b-M269 subclade
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R1 >Ancestor R (R-M207) The first migration came from middle Siberia with the founding haplotype P-M45(x Q-M3). A second migration came from southeastern Siberia (Lower Amur/Sea of Okhkotsk/Kamchatka region) with the founding haplotype P-M45(x R1-M173), delineated by the RPS4Y-T marker, and took place at 7,000–9,500 years before present
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/s M45 was subdivided by the biallelic marker M173 and by the four microsatellite loci alleles into two major subdivisions: M45a, which is found throughout the Americas, and M45b, which incorporates the M173 variant and is concentrated in North and Central America. In Siberia, M45a haplotypes, including the direct ancestor of haplogroup M3, are concentrated in Middle Siberia, whereas M45b haplotypes are found in the Lower Amur River and Sea of Okhotsk regions of eastern Siberia
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4326703/ Estimates of the interval times for the branching events between M9 and P295 point to an initial rapid diversification process of K-M526 that likely occurred in Southeast Asia, with subsequent westward expansions of the ancestors of haplogroups R and Q
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_R_(Y-DNA) >Ancestor P1 (P-M45) Karafet et al. (2014) and other researchers state that a “rapid diversification … of K-M526”, also known as K2, into K2a and K2b , followed by K2b1 and P (also known as K2b2) “likely occurred in Southeast Asia”. This was followed by the relatively rapid “westward expansion” of P1 – the immediate ancestor of both Haplogroups Q and R
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_P1_(Y-DNA) >Ancestor P* (P-P295) Both P* and its precursor, K2b, reach their highest rates among members of the Aeta (or Agta) people of Luzon in the Philippines,[3][1] and; Luzon is also the only location where P, P1 and haplogroup P2 (P-B253; K2b2b), the only other primary subclade of P, have been found together
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_K2b_(Y-DNA) >Ancestor K2 Some Negrito populations of South-East Asia carry very high levels of K2b at the subclade level. It is carried, for instance, by more than 83% of males among the Aeta (or Agta) people of the Philippines, in the form of K2b1 (60%), P* (P-P295, a.k.a. K2b2) and P2 (P-B253; K2b2b)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haplogroup_K2 The only living males reported as carrying the basal paragroup K2* (K-M526) are indigenous Australian males. Up to 27% of them may carry K2* and approximately 29% of Aboriginal Australian males belong to subclades of K2b1.[4][5]
https://www.nature.com/articles/ejhg2014106/tables/1 >K-M526*, Sumatra (13.16,) Sulawesi (0.56)
The term ‘Europoid’ has been used to refer to a population residing in Europe which can be defined as including any individual displaying homozygosity for the SLC45A2 rs28777-C allele, and the SLC24A5 rs1426654-G allele.
However, generic sequencing of early Anatomically Modern Homo sapiens (AMH) fails to reveal the derived SLC45A2 rs28777-C and SLC24A5 rs1426654-G alleles prior to 19,000-11,000YBP;
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3491390/#!po=47.1660 By studying compound haplotype systems within these genes, an attempt has been made to calculate the age of the alleles associated with lightening of European skin color. It is proposed that changes within KITLG appeared 30,000 years ago, and within TYRP1, SLC24A5 and SLC45A2 at 11,000-19,000 years ago, respective
The earliest homozygote for both SLC45A2 rs28777-C and SLC24A5 rs1426654-G is Motala man 8YBP;
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4918750/ A second surprise is that, unlike closely related western hunter-gatherers, the Motala samples have predominantly derived pigmentation alleles at SLC45A2 and SLC24A5
This suggests that the Europoid population is only 8,000 years old, and indeed this model is nearly universally accepted in the literature. Claims of greater antiquity based on skull shape and other anatomical metrics are countered by the claim that the pigmentation of these ‘proto-Europoids’ was no lighter than any other population during the paleolithic.
However, genetic phenotyping allows us to explore novel allele combinations. Here, the authors attempt to substantiate the claim that some of these novel combinations resulted pigmentation as light as modern populations in the northern Mediterranean, such as Greeks, Italians and Spanish by modelling the resulting phenotypes via the HIrisPlex-S system; in addition, the authors observe that two of these these combinations (Figures 6 and 7) result in p-values of 0.86-1 for Red hair, and all combinations result in a p-value of 0.338 for Blue eyes.
An unexplored path to Intermediate skin color (p-value = 1) and Red hair color (p-value = (0.86-1) exists in the MC1R gene, via a heterozygotic suite of rs1805005-T/ rs2228479-A/rs1805007-T/rs1805008-T alleles. The literature contains references to Red hair color induced both by homozygosity for a single MC1R allele as well as compound heterozygosity for multiple MC1R alleles;
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1362956/ The desflurane requirement in redheads (6.2 volume-percent [95% CI, 5.9 – 6.5]) was significantly greater than in dark-haired women (5.2 volume-percent [4.9 – 5.5], P = 0.0004). Nine of 10 redheads were either homozygous or compound heterozygotes for mutations on the melanocortin-1 receptor gene
All of these alleles had emerged in an African population before the 70,000YBP Out-of-Africa date;
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1288200/ On this time scale, ages for the Eurasian-distributed Val60Leu, Val92Met, and Arg163Gln variants are 250,000–100,000 years; the ages for African silent variants— Leu106Leu, Cys273Cys, and Phe300Phe—are 110,000–40,000 years. For the European red hair–associated Arg151Cys and Arg160Trp variants, we estimate an age of ꔆ80,000 years
That only heterozygosity is required to display the phenotype depicted in Figure 6 is the principle argument; each allele could emerge on it’s own, and exist in a heterozygotic independently of the others. Since offspring would have a 25% chance of inheriting heterozygosity for any one MC1R allele, as the alleles emerge in the population the likelihood of inheriting one of them increases with each allele added to the array.
Modeled via Punnett squares, assuming one AMH with 0/1 derived MC1R alleles and another with 0/0 derived MC1R alleles, the first genetation odds of inheriting the first allele – rs1805005-T – would be 50%. Adding the second, rs2228479-A allele, the odds of inheriting at least one allele becomes 75%. Adding the third, rs1805008 allele heterozygotically gives the Intermediate skin a p-value of 1, and it’s basic odds of being passed down is 87.5%.
Thus, the more derived alleles emerge, the higher the likelihood becomes that a derived allele will be passed down. In such a case, the model of a heterozygote breeding with another AMH who has no derived alleles must be replaced with a model including two heterozygotes. In such a case, two heterozygotes for 1 derived MC1R allele would have a 50% chance of producing a heterozygote, and a 25% chance of producing a homozygote. Two heterozygotes for 2 derived alleles would have only a 6.3% chance of producing a non-carrier for any derived MC1R alleles, and a 43.75% chance of producing a homozygote. Two heterozygotes for 3 derived MC1R allele would have a 53.125% chance of producing a homozygote for at least 1 MC1R allele, and only a 1.5625% chance of producing a non-carrier.
Two heterozygotes for all four derived MC1R alleles would have a 66.015625% chance of producing a homozygote of one of rs1805005-T, rs2228479-A, rs1805007-T or rs1805008-T, and only a 0.390625% chance of producing a non-carrier. This entails that it would take 1.5 generations to produce two heterozygotes for any one allele from an initial heterozygotic mutant. In the next generation, two of the heterozygotic offspring could produce a homozygote for their MC1R alleles in 4 generations. Such a homozygote would highly bias inheritance towards the derived allele, producing many heterozygotes. Once two or more MC1R alleles were present in the population, the odds of inheriting at least one is so high as to assure their maintenence within the population.
The authors propose that once rs1805008-T had emerged and expressed heterozygotically, any individuals who possessed rs1805005-T and rs2228479-A would be born with Intermediate skin color, and sexual selection would enable this rs1805008-T heterozygote to have many children who would bias their population towards their new skin color. rs1805007-T, causing Red hair within this genetic background, experienced the same sexual selection, leading to a population in Africa circa 80kYBP which displayed Red hair, Intermediate skin color and Blue eyes (p-value of 0.338.)
All four alleles are common in CEU, and rs1805005-T is displayed homozygotically by TSI (Tuscany, Italy) (Figure 8.) rs1805007-T (Figure 8) is displayed homozygotically by CEU. TSI is also homozygotic for rs2228479-A (Figure 9.)
Curiously, so is CHD (Chinese) (Figure 9.) CEU is not homozygotic for rs2228479-A, which absolutely precludes modern introgression. Instead, it suggests rs2228479-A is ancient in CHD, dating back to an introgression of Europoids after 70,000YBP.
Evidence for such an introgression can be traced via Y-haplogroup P1, which is native to the Philippines;
https://www.nature.com/articles/ejhg2014106.pdf This pattern leads us to hypothesize a southeastern Asian origin for P-P295 and a later expansion of the ancestor of subhaplogroups R and Q into mainland Asia
Y-haplogroup P(P-295) emerged from Y-haplogroup-P1(P-M45,) and since Y-haplogroup-R is first found in Siberia;
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4105016 This suggests that populations related to contemporary western Eurasians had a more north-easterly distribution 24,000 years ago than commonly thought Acknowledging the low depth of coverage, we determined the most likely phylogenetic affiliation of the MA-1 Y chromosome to a basal lineage of haplogroup R
we have evidence of Philippines-to-Siberia gene flow which would have gone through China – which explains the presence of rs2228479-A in CHD.
This implies that Europoids came from south of the Philippines. Y-haplogroup-P1 came from Y-haplogroup-P, which came from Y-haplogroup-K2b, which came from Y-haplogroup-K2. Today, basal Y-haplogroup-K2 is found exclusively among Australian aborigines. Y-haplogroup-K2 ultimately came from Y-haplogroup-F, which emerged in Melanesia;
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1235276/ A Predominantly Indigenous Paternal Heritage for the Austronesian-Speaking Peoples of Insular Southeast Asia and Oceania Like haplogroup C, haplogroup F therefore appears to have an origin in the south—in particular, in Melanesia
Y-haplogroup-F is, along with Y-haplogroup-C, one of the two founder Out-of-Africa Y-haplogroups which dates back to 70kya. These early colonists of Australia and Melanesia would have had Red hair and Intermediate skin color. This is proven by the presence of the rs2228479-A allele in Melanesia;
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4615358/ The most common MC1R mutations observed here are rs2228479 (V92M), rs885479 (R163G), and rs2228478 (T314T), which occur at frequencies of 15.4, 4.5, and 22.3 % in the resequenced sample, respectively.
We can also date the arrivial of Europoids by noting the earliest discovered example of Y-haplogroup-R – 14kya (Villabruna, Italy) in the case of Europe;
Note the high frequency of various derived MC1R alleles in Tuscany, Italy (Figures 8, 10). This could be a genetic trace left by Villabruna man. In contrast, CEU is the only population which displays homozygosity for the allele (rs1805007-T) that among the four, has the highest association for red hair (p-value 0.771 with heterozygotic rs1805005-T, rs1805007-T, rs1805008-T,) compared to rs2228479-A (p-value 0.148 with heterozygotic rs1805005-T, rs1805007-T.)
Interestingly, rs2228479-A with heterozygotic rs1805005-T, rs1805007-T, but without heterozygotic rs1805008-T, produces a p-value of 0.007 for Intermediate skin. Thus, rs1805008-T functioned in these archaic Europoids as a dominant trait to produce Intermediate skin color and Red hair.
Given the proposed Melanesian origin for Europoids (Y-haplogroup R,) the antiquity of their defining MC1R alleles (80kYBP) and the date of their arrival in Europe (14kYBP,) we can confidently state that Europoids emerged in Africa roughly 80kYBP, migrated to Sundaland and Sahul (here collectively referred to as Sundaland-Sahul,) and fled rising sea levels first to Indo-China, then India, and finally to the Caucacus and Europe starting around 14kYBP;
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4943878/ Additional evidence of an early link between west and east comes from the HERC2 locus, where a derived allele that is the primary driver of light eye color in Europeans appears nearly simultaneously in specimens from Italy and the Caucasus ~14,000-13,000 years ago
Australian aborigines in fact display evidence of introgression from Indians;
https://www.pnas.org/content/110/5/1803 We also detect a signal indicative of substantial gene flow between the Indian populations and Australia well before European contact, contrary to the prevailing view that there was no contact between Australia and the rest of the world. We estimate this gene flow to have occurred during the Holocene, 4,230 y ago
That this gene flow was into Indians from Australians is proven by the presence of Y-haplogroup-R in India;
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fgene.2018.00004/full >Haplogroup R (38.5%) This is one of the largest haplogroups in India and Pakistan. This is also the largest haplogroup From somewhere in central Asia, some descendants of the man carrying the M207 mutation on the Y chromosome headed south to arrive in India about 10,000 years ago
Y-haplogroup-R emerged from a population movement out of the Philippines, and so the presence of R in Indians is evidence of India being the initial colony for Y-haplogroup R’s first carriers, who then proceeded northwest into Persia and the Caucacus, and from there to Siberia where MA-1 is found.
Prior to this, roughly 37kya, Europoids colonized Africa and bred with local hominids. They brought African-Melanesian hybrids back to Sundaland-Sahul, and this is how the derived, African MSFD12 allele introgressed into Melanesians;
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3174671/ A long-debated question concerns the fate of archaic forms of the genus Homo: did they go extinct without interbreeding with anatomically modern humans, or are their genes present in contemporary populations? This question is typically focused on the genetic contribution of archaic forms outside of Africa. Here we use DNA sequence data gathered from 61 noncoding autosomal regions in a sample of three sub-Saharan African populations (Mandenka, Biaka, and San) to test models of African archaic admixture Three candidate regions showing deep haplotype divergence Interestingly, the Mbuti represent the only population in our survey that carries the introgressive variant at all three candidate loci Extensive simulation results reject the null model of no admixture and allow us to infer that contemporary African populations contain a small proportion of genetic material (≈2%) that introgressed ≈35 kya from an archaic population that split from the ancestors of anatomically modern humans ≈700 kya One candidate locus with an unusual segment of DNA that extends for >31 kb on chromosome 4 seems to have introgressed into modern Africans from a now-extinct taxon that may have lived in central Africa We estimated an initial split time of 1.25 Mya (95% CI, 0.7–2.1 Mya) and an admixture time of 37 kya (95% CI, 1–137 kya
The MCPH1 gene also shows signs of introgression;
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1635020/ The gene microcephalin (MCPH1) regulates brain size during development and has experienced positive selection in the lineage leading to Homo sapiens Instead, our data are consistent with a model of population subdivision followed by introgression to account for the origin of the D allele the lineage leading to modern humans was split from another Homo lineage, and the two lineages remained in reproductive isolation for ≈1,100,000 years During this period of reproductive isolation, the modern human lineage was fixed for the non-D allele at the microcephalin locus, whereas the other Homo lineage was fixed for the D allele These two alleles are differentiated by a large number of sequence differences accumulated during the prolonged isolation of the two populations At or sometime before ≈37,000 years ago, a (possibly rare) interbreeding event occurred between the two lineages, bringing a copy of the D allele into anatomically modern humans Whereas the original D-bearing Homo population had since gone extinct, this introgressed copy of the D allele in humans had subsequently spread to exceptionally high frequency throughout much of world because of positive selection Speculation about the identity of the archaic Homo population from which the microcephalin D allele introgressed into the modern human gene pool points to the Neanderthal lineage as a potential (although by no means only) candidate >Furthermore, the worldwide frequency distribution of the D allele, exceptionally high outside of Africa but low in sub-Saharan Africa (29), suggests, but does not necessitate, admixture with an archaic Eurasian population It would be of great interest to sequence the microcephalin locus in Neanderthals or other archaic Homo lineages, should it become technically feasible to retrieve and analyze nuclear DNA from ancient hominid remains
Which they did;
http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0010648 >from Neanderthal individual from Mezzena Rockshelter (Monti Lessini, Italy) We show that a well-preserved Neanderthal fossil dated at approximately 50,000 years B.P., was homozygous for the ancestral, non-D, allele certainly shows that speculations on a possible Neanderthal origin of what is now the most common MCPH1 haplogroup are not supported by empirical evidence from ancient DNA
Another gene related to brain size, ASPM, shows even stronger geographical division, displaying a hypertrophic G allele that;
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1904158/#!po=20.5000 reaches high frequencies in Central and Western Asia, Europe and North Africa, as well as in Papua-New Guinea (but there are reasons to suspect contamination; see Discussion) and very low frequencies in East Asia, sub-Saharan Africa, and the Americas MCPH-D is very frequent in Asia, Europe, and the Americas, moderately frequent in North and East Africa, South-East Asia, and Oceania (see comment on Papua-New Guinea), and very rare in Central, Western, and South sub-Saharan Africa We propose that their effects involve subtle differences in the organization of the cerebral cortex, with cognitive consequences including linguistic biases in the processing and acquisition of linguistic tone
Analyizing the effect of ASPM-A44871G-rev/T-rs41310927 and MCPH1-G37995C-rs930557, at first we find evidence of G being positively associated with cranial volume. This association collapses when GG and GC are divided;
Total brain volume = GG = 1529.25 -/+5.25, GC = 1543-/+13.75, CC = 1542-/+13, Highest = GG/AA(1545.75ml,) GC/GG(1562.875ml,) CC/GG(1562ml, GG/GG(1551.75ml) Average = GG/AA(1535.125ml,) GC/GG(1541.5ml,) CC/GG(1541ml,) GG/GG(1534.625ml) Lowest = GG/AA(1524.5ml,) GC/GG(1520.125ml,) CC/GG(1520ml,) GG/GG(1517.5ml) Meta-average = GG/AA(1535.125ml,) GC/GG(1541.5ml,) CC/GG(1541ml,) GG/ GG(1534.625ml) Logic for assuming G as the microcephaly allele;
If G was not the microcephaly allele as suggested in ‘Investigation of MCPH1 G37995C and ASPM A44871G polymorphisms and brain size in a healthy cohort,’ we would not expect to see a significant difference in brain volume between Africans and Asians/ Europeans. Moreover, since the G allele is supposedly associated with greater cranial volume, on average but especially in the middle and lower end, we should expect to see a larger number of low-end skulls in Europe and Asia than in Africa.
But this is not what we see. If C was the microcephaly allele, than rs930557-C is associated with an insignificant meta-average difference of -1ml. On the other hand, if rs930557-G is associated with +6.38ml meta-average difference, than rs930557-G explains 7.975% of the 80ml difference in African-European cranial volume;
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S016028960200137X African-descended people (Blacks) average cranial capacities of 1267 cm3, European-descended people (Whites) 1347 cm3 […] It must be concluded that the race differences in average brain size are securely established […] Blacks average an IQ of 85, Whites 100
15 points of IQ divided over 80ml = 0.1875IQpts/ml. 6.38(1535.125ml – 1541.5ml = n)ml * 0.1875 = 1.1953125IQpt. This would leave us with only 14 (1.1953125 – 15 = −13.8046875) IQpts left to explain, while also being small enough to not contradict the observed larger cranial volume of neanderthals – who were homozygotes for the G allele. More significant is the difference between the largest brains – 17.125ml * 0.1875 = 3.2109375IQpts.
The Iwo Eleru hominid, dating to 13kya, is illustrative of the morphology Melanesians produced when they introgressed into the African hominid, and the modern Capoid and Bantu strains are Iwo Eleru’s descendents. However, Capoids (Or Khoisan) display a variety of derived pigmentation alleles, including derived SLC alleles;
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5759959/ Genetic evidence indicates that the light pigmentation variant at SLC24A5 was introduced into East Africa by gene flow from non-Africans Based on coalescent analysis with sequence data from the Simons Genomic Diversity Project (SGDP) (13), the time to most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) of most Eurasian lineages containing the rsl426654 (A) allele is 29 kya (95% credible interval (CI) 28-31 kya), consistent with prior studies (6, 16) (Fig. 4). Haplotype analysis indicates that the rsl426654 (A) variant in Africans is on the same extended haplotype background as Europeans (Fig. 5 and fig. S6), likely reflecting gene flow from western Eurasia over at least the past 3-9 ky The ancestral rs1800404 (C) allele, associated with dark pigmentation, is common in most Africans as well as southern/eastern Asians and Australo-Melanesians, whereas the derived (T) allele, associated with light pigmentation, is most common (frequency >70%) in Europeans and San
The Khoisan are perhaps the purest inheritors of the Melanesian culture which arrived in Africa circa 37-35kYBP. The presence of derived SLC alleles in Africans implies that when they returned, the Melanesians had evolved derived rs12913832-T and rs1805007-T alleles;
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2917718/ The AuR sample is a clear mixture of two clusters corresponding to Oceanic ancestry and the majority ancestry component of Western Eurasian populations. Recent admixture with Europeans, who began settling the continent in 1788, is an obvious source for this Western Eurasian component and would be consistent with known genealogical information. However, contact with India earlier in the Holocene has also been proposed on the basis of mtDNA19 and Y chromosome20 data. At K > 5, further population distinction emerges in the Western Eurasian cluster, with gradual separation of European from Central and South Asian populations (Figure S1). Although the distinction is never complete, the non-Oceanic component in the AuR sample is most consistent with European ancestry. Such a conclusion is anecdotally supported by the presence of evolutionarily recent alleles (for example, the blue-eye-associated allele of the rs12913832 SNP, near the OCA2 gene21 [MIM 611409] and the red-hair-associated allele of rs1805007 in the MC1R gene22 [MIM 155555]) that are essentially restricted to (primarily northern) Europeans However, since Europeans are, by virtue of Y-haplogroup R, nested within Oceanian generic diversity, the notion that these alleles might have introgressed into Australians from Europeans is not parsimonious. European-to-Australian introgression entails that a population moved from Africa to Australia, from Australia to Europe, and back to Australia – after at least one of the supposedly introgressed alleles (rs1805007-T) had already emerged in an African population circa 80kYBP and migrated directly to Australia.
The distribution maps (Figures 12-16) of rs1805005-T, rs2228479-A, rs885479-T, rs1805007-T and rs1805008-T substantiate the hypothesis of this paper; that rs885479-T evolved exclusively in a lineage which went on to compose East Asians, and which has introgressed into northern Europeans (FIN.) If rs885479-T was was native to Europeans, the allele would be found in TSI – in contrast, rs1805005-T (Age 250-110kybp) is found in both Amerindians and CEU, while rs1805007-T and rs1805008-T (Age 80kYBP) are found solely in Europeans – and, perhaps, in Australian aborigines.
PEL displays rs885479-T at a 0.645348837209 rate, while rs2228479-A (0.0116279069767) and rs1805007-T (0.00581395348837) are displayed at such low frequencies that European introgression can explain their presence in a mixed Amerindian-European population. rs1805008-T is now found at all in PEL. If Amerindian populations such as PEL are to be used as a model of archaic Asian MC1R allele frequencies, we have evidence for the model that archaic Europoids were defined by an MC1R haplotype (Age 80kYBP) which included derived rs2228479-A, rs1805007-T and rs1805008-T alleles (Figures 5 and 6,) while archaic Asians lacked all three of these alleles and instead displayed an older MC1R haplotype (250-100kYBP) which included only the derived rs885479-T allele.
The presence of rs2228479-A in mainland Asians could be explained by recent Europoid introgression, but more likely reflects retention of the derived rs2228479-A allele after leaving Africa 70kYBP based on higher displayed frequency than in Europoids (CEU 0.114130434783.) That rs2228479-A lowers the p-value of Brown hair from 0.146 to 0.104, as it raises the p-value of Red hair from 0.73 to 0.86 in the presence of the rs2228479-A/rs1805007-T/rs1805008-T haplotype, while in the absence of the Red hair-associated derived rs1805007-T allele rs2228479-A produces a p-value of 0.664 for Brown hair and Intermediate skin color.
The Natufian culture circa 12kya is the direct descendent of Melanesian colonists, and is the ancestor of the Canaanite and Egyptian civilizations. Starting 6kya (4000BC,) Canaanites began migrating en masse to the Aegean, and from there to Crete. The Cretans colonized the Balkans, and from there they colonized Tuscany. Their next stop was Denmark, and from there the British Isles.
Some historical confusion has occured, because Europe has been mis-identified as the continent where Europoids evolved. Because of this, the darker peoples of the Mediterranean have been considered seperate from the lighter peoples of northern Europe.
In the past however, red hair was much more common in the Mediterranean and near east, and all White people were defined by their universal MC1R alleles, not SLC alleles. ‘White’ in that ancient context, while objectively lighter than blacks, was more universally olive in color. The p-value for blue eyes in all these ancient humans was 0.338, and so a unique phenotype of Red hair + Intermediate/Olive skin + Blue eyes which is today unknown, would be possible, and would compose roughly 1/3rd of the population.
Means of Modifying a brown-eyed person into a blue-, green- or gray eyed person (Iris color change;)
https://bjo.bmj.com/content/83/12/1403.4 We report on a case of bilateral iris depigmentation with levobunolol eye drops and we suggest that changes in local iris prostaglandin concentrations may be responsible
Prostaglandins are synthesized via COX-1 and COX-2;
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prostaglandin Prostaglandins are produced following the sequential oxygenation of arachidonic acid, DGLA or EPA by cyclooxygenases (COX-1 and COX-2) and terminal prostaglandin synthases
COX-2 inhibition decreases expression of MITF;
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/22506937/ COX-2 knock-down in melanocytes decreased the expressions of tyrosinase, TRP-1, TRP-2, gp100 and MITF and also reduced tyrosinase enzyme activity. Furthermore, COX-2 siRNA-transfected melanocytes showed markedly reduced alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (α-MSH)-induced melanin production Our results suggest that COX-2 might be a candidate target for the development of anti-melanogenic agents and α-MSH-induced pigmentation could be closely associated with COX-2 expression. COX-2 inhibitors might therefore be of particular use in whitening cosmetics for hyperpigmentation disorders such as melasma, postinflammatory hyperpigmentation and solar lentigo
A patent describing the use of NSAIDS to inhibit COX-2, which down regulates melanogenesis;
https://patents.google.com/patent/US20120076848A1/en The subject application yet further describes a method of depigmenting the iris melanocytes to lighten the color of the iris. This method includes the use of one or more of the following steps: Inhibiting the COX-2 enzyme using NSAIDS;
Hypothetically, any drug with COX-1/2 inhibition should inhibit melanogenesis. An alternative to Levobunolol for cosmetic iris depigmentation is desirable, because of Levobunolol’s side effect profile;
CBG and THCA – THC’s non-psychoactive precursor – show potent inhibition of COX-1/2;
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21532172 Evaluation of the Cyclooxygenase Inhibiting Effects of Six Major Cannabinoids Isolated from Cannabis sativa
The paper can be accessed via sci-hub.se. A diagram from the paper, showing the level of COX-1/2 inhibition for the six cannabinoids;
I can also find a paper that says CB1 agonists inhibit melanogenesis;
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/21298280/ the selective CB(1) receptor agonist arachidonyl-2-chloroethylamide (ACEA 1 and 10 µM) inhibited (by 33.4 and 37.3%, respectively) basal melanogenesis. In addition, ultraviolet-B-induced melanogenesis in co-cultures was abolished by ACEA 10 µM. Both ACEA inhibitory effects were reversed by AM251 (1 µM), a selective CB(1) antagonist Our results collectively suggest that ultraviolet radiation activates paracrine CB(1)-mediated endocannabinoid signaling to negatively regulate melanin synthesis. The endocannabinoid system in the skin may be a possible target for future therapies in pigmentary disorders
https://patents.google.com/patent/US20120076848A1/en In one example, a method for achieving the hypopigmentation of the iris, may include one or more of the following steps involving medicinal interventions with small molecules:
Stop tyrosine conversion to melanin by one of many available tyrosinase inhibitors such as hydroquinone21, arbutin30, hydroxystibene compounds like resveratrol31, or zinc alpha-2-glycoprotein.1
https://www.christianity.com/church/church-history/timeline/1901-2000/amy-carmichael-kindly-kidnapper-11630664.html Praying for Blue Eyes One of the first incidents occurred when she was a child. Mother had said that if Amy prayed, the Lord would answer. Amy had brown eyes. She prayed for blue. In the morning she jumped out of bed and ran to the mirror. Mrs. Carmichael heard her wail in disappointment. It took Mrs. Carmichael several minutes of careful explanation before Amy understood that “no” was an answer too. God meant Amy to have brown eyes for a reason, explained Mrs. Carmichael. Just what the reason was, she might never know. But meanwhile, brown eyes were perfectly lovely. Amy wasn’t so sure. Smiling Irish blue would always be her favorite color, even if God said “No.”
http://reoxy.org/l_word1.htm You must know your mythic origins Facts and news are reports from the current TV drama >They have no relevance to your 2-billion-year-old divinity You select a myth as a reminder that you are part of an ancient and holy process. >You select a myth to guide you when you drop out of the narrow confines of the fake-prop studio set Your mythic guide must be one who has solved the death-rebirth riddle >A TV drama hero cannot help you Caesar, Napoleon, Kennedy are no help to your cellular orientation Christ, Lao-tse, Hermes Trismegistus, Socrates are recurrent turn-on figures >The cities of America are about to crumble as did Rome and Babylon
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Houri The houris (/ˈhʊəri/)[1] (from Persian: یروـح) or ḥūr (plural of ḥaurāʾ or ḥūrīyah[note 1] Arabic: ةـيروـح) are beings in Islam, described in English translations as “full-breasted companions of equal age [or well-matched]”,[2][3] “lovely eyed”,[4] of “modest gaze”, [5] virgins[6] of paradise, denoting humans and jinn who enter Jannah (paradise) after being recreated anew in the hereafter being recreated anew in the hereafter Abu Isa Muhammad ibnIsa at-Tirmidhi (At-Tirmidhi) (824–892): Al-Hasan Al-Basri says that an old woman came to the messenger of Allah and made a request, Oʼ Messenger of Allah make Dua that Allah grants me entrance into Jannah. The messenger of Allah replied, Oʼ Mother, an old woman cannot enter Jannah. That woman started crying and began to leave. The messenger of Allah said, Say to the woman that one will not enter in a state of old age, but Allah will make all the women of Jannah young virgins. Allah Taʼaala says, Lo! We have created them a (new) creation and made them virgins, lovers, equal in age — Al-Tirmidhi, Jami` at-Tirmidhi (Surah Waaqiʼah, 35–37).[28]
https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/Romans-Chapter-12/ 1 I beseech you therefore, brethren, by the mercies of God, that ye present your bodies a living sacrifice, holy, acceptable unto God, which is your reasonable service >2 And be not conformed to this world: but be ye transformed by the renewing of your mind, that ye may prove what is that good, and acceptable, and perfect, will of God >14 Bless them which persecute you: bless, and curse not 17 Recompense to no man evil for evil. Provide things honest in the sight of all men >19 Dearly beloved, avenge not yourselves, but rather give place unto wrath: for it is written, Vengeance is mine; I will repay, saith the Lord 20 Therefore if thine enemy hunger, feed him; if he thirst, give him drink: for in so doing thou shalt heap coals of fire on his head
https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/Psalms-Chapter-51/ 1 […] Have mercy upon me, O God, according to thy lovingkindness: according unto the multitude of thy tender mercies blot out my transgressions 2 Wash me throughly from mine iniquity, and cleanse me from my sin >3 For I acknowledge my transgressions: and my sin is ever before me 4 Against thee, thee only, have I sinned, and done this evil in thy sight: that thou mightest be justified when thou speakest, and be clear when thou judgest 5 Behold, I was shapen in iniquity; and in sin did my mother conceive me 7 Purge me with hyssop, and I shall be clean: wash me, and I shall be whiter than snow >9 Hide thy face from my sins, and blot out all mine iniquities 10 Create in me a clean heart, O God; and renew a right spirit within me 11 Cast me not away from thy presence; and take not thy holy spirit from me 13 Then will I teach transgressors thy ways; and sinners shall be converted unto thee >15 O Lord, open thou my lips; and my mouth shall shew forth thy praise 16 For thou desirest not sacrifice; else would I give it: thou delightest not in burnt offering 17 The sacrifices of God are a broken spirit: a broken and a contrite heart, O God, thou wilt not despise
https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/Isaiah-Chapter-35/ 4 Say to them that are of a fearful heart, Be strong, fear not: behold, your God will come with vengeance, even God with a recompence; he will come and save you 5 Then the eyes of the blind shall be opened, and the ears of the deaf shall be unstopped 6 Then shall the lame man leap as an hart, and the tongue of the dumb sing: for in the wilderness shall waters break out, and streams in the desert 7 And the parched ground shall become a pool, and the thirsty land springs of water: in the habitation of dragons, where each lay, shall be grass with reeds and rushes 8 And an highway shall be there, and a way, and it shall be called The way of holiness; the unclean shall not pass over it; but it shall be for those: the wayfaring men, though fools, shall not err therein
https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/Isaiah-Chapter-65/ 17 For, behold, I create new heavens and a new earth: and the former shall not be remembered, nor come into mind 21 And they shall build houses, and inhabit them; and they shall plant vineyards, and eat the fruit of them. 22 They shall not build, and another inhabit; they shall not plant, and another eat: for as the days of a tree are the days of my people, and mine elect shall long enjoy the work of their hands
http://reoxy.org/futurman.htm Look at children these days. Instead of doing their schoolwork, they sit in front of the TV set. They’re glued to the screen, and it eats up their very life-force. The children might as well be dead, because they will never learn the basic principles of being good people. They will learn only how to stare dully at the television And what does the TV teach them? Every kind of strange and freakish behavior you can imagine Before television came into the world, the people-eater was radio Computers have followed along right after the television. In Chinese, the word for computer translates literally into “electric brain”. In the future there will be electric eyes, as well as electric ears, electric tongues, electric noses, electric bodies. Every one of the six organs will have disposable modules, likes casettes, and will gain an electric boost. Eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body, and mind will be computerized. Even the mind will tie in organically with “know-it-all computer memory banks” People will no longer serve any useful function. Mark my words: in the future, people will become obsolete For instance, some unethical scientists now are busy inventing miraculous monsters. You say its human? It’s not really human. You say its an animal? It’s not exactly an animal either. Since they graft human genes onto animal bodies and alter human genes with animals strains, this mutual genetic modification produces a freakish, mutant, hybrid that resembles neither parent Now people can be born with horns, or elephant-like trunks. In my opinion, a human born with a nose like a pachyderm is more a goblin than a person. These goblins and freaks are all within the realm of possibility today
https://www.wisdomlib.org/hinduism/book/mahabharata/d/doc118373.html On regaining consciousness, the son of Kunti broke his bonds and began killing the snakes that were biting him. The rest of the snakes fled and went to their leader Vasuki, telling him the events that had taken place. Vasuki happened to be related to Bhima through the wind god Vayu, and upon hearing that Bhima was present, he went to the spot and embraced him. Bhima then related to Vasuki the sinister plan of the poisoned cake. Vasuki, wanting to protect him from future attacks, offered Vayu’s son eight bowls of nectar which empowered a person with the strength of ten thousand elephants
http://newscenter.lbl.gov/2013/12/19/a-micro-muscular-break-through/ a micro-sized robotic torsional muscle/motor made from vanadium dioxide that for its size is a thousand times more powerful than a human muscle, able to catapult objects 50 times heavier than itself over a distance five times its length within 60 milliseconds – faster than the blink of an eye
http://m.pnas.org/content/113/42/11709.full In recent years, a new class of artificial muscles, based on highly twisted fibers, has emerged that can deliver more than 2,000 J/kg of specific work during muscle contraction, compared with just 40 J/kg for natural muscle In recent years, a new class of muscles has emerged based on highly twisted fibers. These muscles can provide powerful strokes at more than 30% reversible contraction (4), torsional actuation that can spin rotors at more than 100,000 rpm (21), and specific work during contraction of 2.48 kJ/kg, which is more than 50 times that of natural skeletal muscle More recently a coiled, silicone rubber-infiltrated CNT yarn has provided a tensile stroke of more than 34% when heated electrothermally and 50% when actuated by solvent absorption
http://science.sciencemag.org/content/339/6116/182 Strong, Light, Multifunctional Fibers of Carbon Nanotubes with Ultrahigh Conductivity >Tensile strength, modu- lus, and elongation to break (15) were determined from tensile break tests on macroscopic (~20 mm long) individual filaments cut from large spools (~100 to 500 m The average tensile strength was 1.0 -/+ 0.2 GPa (best value 1.3 GPa >CNT fiber (This work) 9um diameter A 46-g light-emitting diode lit and suspended by two 24-mm-thick CNT fibers
Tensile Strength = pa/1m2, and Somamba’s wrist is 12cm(0.0012m2) in cross-sectional area. 1.3Gpa * 0.0012 = 0.00156Gpa, 1.56Mpa, or 156N/cm2 * 12 = 1,872N. Bone has a tensile strength of 120Mpa * 0.0012 = 0.144Mpa = 14.4N/cm2 * 12 = 172.8N. 1,872N / 172.8N = 10.83333333333333, so that a Soma wrist is roughly 10x stronger than a human wrist. 172kg is roughly the max human lift for small humans;
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nurcan_Taylan >1.52 m (5 ft 0 in) 48 kg (106 lb) Clean and jerk: 121 kg (2010) 1872kg / 121kg = 15.47107438016529x – we can deduce from this that we may have over-estimated the strength of the carbon nanotubes at 1.3Gpa, while in reality they function toward the low end (0.8Gpa.) 0.8Gpa * 0.0012 = 0.00096Gpa, 0.96Mpa, or 96N/cm2 * 12 = 1,152N. This is lower than 121 * 10 = 1,210 / 12 = 100.83/cm2 = 1.0083Mpa = 0.0010083Gpa / 0.0012 = 0.84025Gpa.
http://www.pnas.org/lookup/doi/10.1073/pnas.1800298115 As the concentra- tion of nanotubes increases, a continuous transition of four states can be observed, including dilute dispersion, thick paste, free- standing gel, and eventually a kneadable, playdough-like material. Moreover, m-cresol itself is a known solvent for many commodity polymers such as poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), nylons, polyethylene terephthalate, polystyrene, and phenolic resins (24), which helps the blending process. Using the paste also drastically reduces the amount of solvent needed for manufacturing and greatly shortens the baking time needed for solvent removal. Fig. 5 shows a proof-of-concept experiment, where PMMA powders were directly mixed with the paste by mortar and pestle Fig. 5. MWCNTs/polymer nanocomposite by direct mixing using the paste. (A) Photos showing MWCNT/PMMA composite sheet made by di- rect mixing of polymer powders with the paste, followed by cold rolling
https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/Jeremiah-Chapter-7/ 18 The children gather wood, and the fathers kindle the fire, and the women knead their dough, to make cakes to the queen of heaven, and to pour out drink offerings unto other gods, that they may provoke me to anger 31 And they have built the high places of Tophet, which is in the valley of the son of Hinnom, to burn their sons and their daughters in the fire; which I commanded them not, neither came it into my heart
http://falundafa.org/eng/eng/html/zfl2/zfl2.htm#7 >The Story of Creating Man Out of Clay Then as for the idea of creating man out of clay that Jesus knew about, it was an expression that he was using which came from the being he regarded as Lord—“God created man out of clay.” Was he referring to the clay that ordinary people know of? He wasnʼt. It wasnʼt clay as ordinary people know it. Rather, in higher dimensions all material, including clay, is high-energy matter of a more microcosmic plane
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bone_cement Bone cement chemically is nothing more than Plexiglas (i.e. polymethyl methacrylate or PMMA). PMMA was used clinically for the first time in the 1940s in plastic surgery to close gaps in the skull. Comprehensive clinical tests of the compatibility of bone cements with the body were conducted before their use in surgery. The excellent tissue compatibility of PMMA allowed bone cements to be used for anchorage of head prostheses in the 1950s Bone cements consist of a powder (i.e., pre-polymerized PMMA The cemented-in prosthesis can be fully loaded very soon after the operation because the PMMA gets most of its strength within 24 hours
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/technical-documents/articles/material-matters/3d-printing-graphene-ink.html 3D Printing Graphene Ink: Creating Electronic and Biomedical Structures and Devices >A syringe-based 3D printer is not required to use the 3D printing graphene ink, although it is desirable for precision X, Y, Z spatially controlled deposition of the material. In place of a 3D printing platform, a standard hand or mechanically driven syringe may be used to extrude the 3D printing graphene inks and produce solid structures
https://www.nanowerk.com/nanotechnology-news/newsid=43883.php >Graphene foam as a scaffold for growing functional muscle tissue
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5287265/ >Graphene Foam as a three-dimensional Platform for Myotube Growth Specifically, we establish both bare and laminin coated graphene foam as a biocompatible platform for muscle cells and identify that electrical coupling stimulates cell activity. Cell differentiation and functionality is determined by the expression of myotube heavy chain protein and Ca2+ fluorescence, respectively. Further, our data show that the application of a pulsed electrical stimulus to the graphene foam initiates myotube contraction and subsequent localized substrate movement of over 100 micrometers. These findings will further the development of advanced 3-dimensional graphene platforms for therapeutic applications and tissue engineering
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/29095664/ In this survey, more recent studies on the effects of graphene on surface modifications of scaffold materials was discused. The ability of graphene to improve the biological properties of scaffold materials, and its ability to promote the adhesion, proliferation, and osteoblasts have been demonstrated in several studies which we discuss in this survey article. We further highlight how the properties of graphene are being exploited for scaffolds in bone tissue engineering, comprehensively surveying recent experimental works featuring graphene and graphene derivatives
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-017-06051-z Graphene microfiber as a scaffold for regulation of neural stem cells differentiation >We report the cytocompatibility and regulating effects of the nanostructured reduced graphene oxide (rGO) microfibers These results illustrate the great potential of nanostructured rGO microfibers as an artificial neural tissue engineering (NTE) scaffold for nerve regeneration
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5458813/ Interestingly, graphene has proven to be capable of directing stem cell differentiation into specific cell types such as neurons, oligodendrocytes, osteoblasts, and adipocytes, based on the type of material (e.g., graphene, graphene oxide, and graphene hybrid scaffolds), as well as the type of progenitor cell (e.g., neural stem cells and mesenchymal stem cells)
http://www.futurity.org/fibers-carbon-nanotubes-1653692-2/ The dried nanotube fibers are about 7 centimeters long; the electrical performance is equivalent to long fibers created by the original spinning method but even more dense with a tensile strength up to 3.5 gigapascals (GPa), better than spun fibers. The researchers expect that nanotubes 50,000 to 70,000 times longer than they are wide will produce fibers of 35 to 40 GPa, about the strength of an individual carbon nanotube http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/3/1/e1601536.full Our study reveals that although the 3D graphene assembly has an exceptionally high strength at relatively high density (given the fact that it has a density of 4.6% that of mild steel and is 10 times as strong as mild steel
http://en.falundafa.org/eng/pdf/zfl_en.pdf Just think about such a matter, a qigong master is possessed of energy. I have been tested for my energy. So have many other qigong masters. The material composition of this energy can be measured by means of many apparatus available; that is, if there is such an apparatus, the composition of energy a qigong master releases can be determined. The apparatus available can determine infrared rays, ultraviolet rays, ultrasonic waves, infrasonic sounds, electricity, the magnetic force, gamma rays, atoms and neutrons All the famous qigong masters have taken such a test. I was also tested. The measuring apparatus showed that the amount of gamma rays and thermal neutrons I had released was 80-170 times greater than that of the radiation of normal substances
https://www.sciencealert.com/graphene-levy-flights-limitless-power-future-electronic-devices By Thibado’s calculations, a single ten micron by ten micron piece of graphene could produce ten microwatts of power
The human body is composed of roughly 37 trillion cells;
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/23829164/ RESULTS: A current estimation of human total cell number calculated for a variety of organs and cell types is presented. These partial data correspond to a total number of 3.72 × 10(13) Or 37,200,000,000,000. Mammalian cells have an average diameter of 20um;
http://kirschner.med.harvard.edu/files/bionumbers/ fundamentalBioNumbersHandout.pdf Mammalian (HELA) cell – ~2,000 mm3 in volume, adherent cell on a slide ~20 um diameter ~100,000 cells in a confluent well of a 96 multiwell plate
Since the human body is roughly as dense as water(1,000kg/m3,) 51.71kg converts to 51.71 * 1,000 = 0.05171m3 = 51,710,000,000,000,000um3 / 2 = 25,855,000,000,000,000 20um diameter units or cells. Modelling these cells as 20um cubes, each would have six sides totalling 24um2 of area. 24 / 10 = 2.4 * 25,855,000,000,000,000 = 62,052,000,000,000,000um2 = 62,052,000,000,000,000mW = 62,052,000,000,000W = 62,052,000MW.
http://en.falundafa.org/eng/pdf/zfl_en.pdf Because this high energy matter exists in another space and does not travel in our space, it moves faster there than here in our space
https://arxiv.org/pdf/1701.08803.pdf New technologies are now being developed that involve high- power lasers firing at 1gram solar sails in near-Earth orbits, accelerating them to 20% the speed of light (c) within minutes The maximum injection speed at αCenA to park a sail with a mass-to-surface ratio (σ) similar to graphene (7.6 × 10−4 gram m−2) in orbit around Proxima is about 13, 800 km s−1 (4.6 % c) The size of such a low-σ sail required to carry a payload of 10 grams is about 105 m2 = (316m)2
http://arxiv.org/pdf/1505.04254.pdf >pp13 Figure d, Kinetic energy distribution spectrum of electrons emitted from graphene sponge under laser (450 nm) illumination showed a broad energy distribution >4.25E4 mW cm-2 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4919356/ Weibel indicated the internal lung surface area to be about 130 m2 (Weibel, 2009) in one study and 150–180 m2 This estimation could also be valid for humans because a lung surface of 70 m2 has been reported.
Thus, we have a statement that a 316m solar sail could propel 10g to 13,800km/s in “minutes.” 4.25E4mW(42,500mW) * cm-2(0.01cm) = 42.5W * 100 = 4,250W/cm2 * 10,000 = 42,500,000W/m2 * 70m2 = 2,975,000,000W/m2.
This means that the same value for thrust(4,250W/m2) predicts a 20%(c) max velocity/ second for a 1g solar sail, and the derived 1,491.708433624204m/s for a 51.71kg Soma body.
https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/Philippians-Chapter-3/ 20 For our conversation is in heaven; from whence also we look for the Saviour, the Lord Jesus Christ: 21 Who shall change our vile body, that it may be fashioned like unto his glorious body, according to the working whereby he is able even to subdue all things unto himself
https://www.kingjamesbibleonline.org/1-Corinthians-Chapter-15/ 24 Then cometh the end, when he shall have delivered up the kingdom to God, even the Father; when he shall have put down all rule and all authority and power 25 For he must reign, till he hath put all enemies under his feet >26 The last enemy that shall be destroyed is death 27 For he hath put all things under his feet. But when he saith all things are put under him, it is manifest that he is excepted, which did put all things under him 35 But some man will say, How are the dead raised up? and with what body do they come? 36 Thou fool, that which thou sowest is not quickened, except it die: 37 And that which thou sowest, thou sowest not that body that shall be, but bare grain, it may chance of wheat, or of some other grain: 38 But God giveth it a body as it hath pleased him, and to every seed his own body So also is the resurrection of the dead. It is sown in corruption; it is raised in incorruption: 43 It is sown in dishonour; it is raised in glory: it is sown in weakness; it is raised in power: 44 It is sown a natural body; it is raised a spiritual body. There is a natural body, and there is a spiritual body 45 And so it is written, The first man Adam was made a living soul; the last Adam was made a quickening spirit 46 Howbeit that was not first which is spiritual, but that which is natural; and afterward that which is spiritual 47 The first man is of the earth, earthy: the second man is the Lord from heaven And as we have borne the image of the earthy, we shall also bear the image of the heavenly 50 Now this I say, brethren, that flesh and blood cannot inherit the kingdom of God; neither doth corruption inherit incorruption 51 Behold, I shew you a mystery; We shall not all sleep, but we shall all be changed, >52 In a moment, in the twinkling of an eye, at the last trump: for the trumpet shall sound, and the dead shall be raised incorruptible, and we shall be changed 53 For this corruptible must put on incorruption, and this mortal must put on immortality 54 So when this corruptible shall have put on incorruption, and this mortal shall have put on immortality, then shall be brought to pass the saying that is written, Death is swallowed up in victory
http://reoxy.org/mormons.htm >Mormons In Space Why indeed space shuttles, space colonies mixed with such a density of bombs, bombs and still more bombs . . . to destroy the Earth n-times over as if to assure not the least roach existence. Why the simultaneous attempt to re-code the chromosomes and the neural system? Why if not to define a truly capitalist BEING, in a purely capitalist plasm and a final purely capitalist sequence of work events. Weightless, formless neuro systems unwebbed and ready for infinite rewebbing Why if not a search for a being unprogrammed by millenia shifting at the bottom of a ton of oxygen luging all this weight around, this gravity against work “Outer space” is not Space as we know it, but a final merging with the relations of time. It is lusted for not because of the minerals on Mars – no more than the gold and silver in the rivers of the Caribbean isles was – but what they can do to you on Mars when they get you there The Lebensraum of Hitler was really an Arbeitsraum that required an immense destruction of “leben” to achieve and then finally failed. So too with porcelain tiles glued on, computers in a soap opera of “You don’t understand me”: the return of the space shuttle is heralded with a desperation that you wonder at this desire for a biologically pure realm, freed from the seasonal, diurnal and lunar cycles, airless, weightless and open to infinite reductions If one tried to define the Zeitgeist breathing through the New Right today one would be confronted with a seemingly undecipherable puzzle. On the one side these are the spokesmen for a scientific and technological revolution that a few years ago would have smacked of science fiction: gene-splicing, DNA computers, time-compression techniques, space colonies. At the same time the circles of the New Right have witnessed a revival of religious tendencies and moral conservatism that one would have thought was buried once and for all with “our” Puritan Founding Fathers Seen in its general contours, then, the body of the New Right seems stretching in two opposite directions, attempting at once a bold leap into the past and an equally bold leap into the future At the very time when Galileo was pointing his telescope to the moon, and Francis Bacon was laying the foundations of scientific rationality, women and gays by the thousands were burnt on the stake throughout Europe, with the universal blessing of the modernizing (sic) European intelligentsia The witch hunt, moreover, ensured the control over the main source of labor, the woman’s body, by criminalizing abortion and all forms of contraception as a crime against the state. Finally, the witch hunt was functional to the reorganization of family life, i.e., the restructuring of reproduction that accompanied the reorganization of work on a capitalistic basis. On the stake died the adulteress, the woman of “ill repute,” the lesbian, the woman who lived alone, or lacked “maternal spirit” or had illegitimate children On the stake ended many beggars, who had impudently launched their curses against the refusal of some “ale and bread.” That the holy trinity of God/Work/ Family is always crucial in times of repression is a well-tested truth capital has never forgotten. What could be more productive than a life of isolation, where the only relations we have with each other are relations of reciprocal discipline: Daddy controlling Mommy, Mommy teaching the children that life is hard and survival problematic, neighbors getting together to keep the neighborhood “clean,” >What are the faculties required by the new being our futurologists advocate? A look at the debate on space colonies is revealing in this respect. All agree, first of all, that the main impediment today to the development of human colonies in space is bio-social rather than technological, i.e., you may be able to glue the space shuttle’s tiles together but gluing the right space worker-technician is a project that even the present genetic breathroughs are far from having solved. An individual is needed who can: • endure social isolation and sensory deprivation for long periods of time without breaking down, ● perform “perfectly” in an extremely hostile/alien and artificial environment and under enormous stress, ● achieve a superb control of his bodily functions (consider: it takes an hour to shit in space!) and psychological reactions (anger, hate, indecisiveness), our all-too-human frailties which can be disastrous in the fragile, vulnerable world of life in space, ● demonstrates total obedience, conformity and receptivity to commands, for there can be little tolerance for social deviations and disagreements when the most minute act of sabotage can have catastrophic consequences to the very costly, complex and powerful equipment entrusted in their hands. Indeed, not only will the space technician have a quasi-religious relation to his machine but he himself must become more and more machine-like, achieving a perfect symbiosis with his computer which, in the long nights of space, is often his only and always his most reliable guide, his companion, his buddy, his friend The space worker, then, must be a highly ascetic type, pure in body and soul, perfect in his performance, obedient like a well-wound clock and extremely fetishistic in his mental modes. Where is this gem most likely bred? In a fundamentalist type religious sect. To put it in the words of biologist Garrett Harding: What group would be most suitable to this most recent Brave New World (the space colony)? Probably a religious group. There must be unity of thought and the acceptance of discipline. But the colonists couldn’t be a bunch of Unitarians or Quakers, for these people regard the individual conscience as the best guide to action. space colonies’ existence would require something more like the Hutterites or the Mormons for its inhabitants . . . integration could not be risked on this delicate vessel, for fear of sabotage and terrorism. Only “purification” would do The fight between creationism and evolutionism is just an internal capitalist squabble as to what are the most adequate means of control Moreover, the asceticism, self-control, the flight from the earth and the body which is the substance of puritan teaching is the best soil in which capital’s scientific and economic plans can flourish. Indeed, today, more consciously than ever, in its attempt to relocate itself on safer shores, capital is embracing the dream of all religion: the overcoming of all physical boundaries, the reduction of the individual human being to an angel-like creature, all soul and will The dangers of sexuality are emblematic of the obstacles capital encounters in the attempt to create a totally self-controlled being, capable of spending nights and nights alone, talking just to his computer, with his mind focused on nothing but the screen. Can you afford to be homy or lonely in space? Can you afford to be jealous or have a marital breakdown?? Celibacy, AIDS, abstinence: it is the last step in a long process whereby increasingly capital has decreased the sensuous-sexual content of our lives and encounters with people, substituting the mental image for the physical touch Centuries of capitalist discipline have gone a long way toward producing individuals who shrink from others for fear of touch. (See the way we live our social spaces: buses, trains, each passenger closed in its own space, its own body, keeping well-defined, though invisible boundaries; each person its own castle.) This physical as well as emotional isolation from each other is the essence of capitalist cooperation. But it – as well as the dematerialization of all forms of our life – finds culmination in the inhabitant of the future space colony whose success depends on his ability to become a pure, totally purified angel – who does not fuck, does not require the sensuous stimulations which are our daily nourishment on earth, but can live by solely feeding on its self-sufficient, self-centered will power Increasing the abstractness of the enemy body, reducing the person you destroy to a blip on a video machine: this is another essential element of death production which is likely to be the central product of space industrialization. Indeed, electronic war can become so abstract that unless your image is put into the video screen you’re likely to forget that you can be destroyed yourself To achieve this, a strategy of systematic isolation is necessary: breaking all bonds between ourselves and others and distancing ourselves even from our own body. The electronic church completely dematerializes the healer, who becomes a cool image duplicated on thousands of screens or a “personal” comment in a letter written by a computer Living with the machine, becoming like a machine: a desexualized angel, moving in the interstices of the engine, perfectly integrating work-space and life space as in the astronauts’ pod, infinitely weightless because purified of the force of gravity, of all human desires/temptations – the ancient refusal of work finally negated Faust in an angel/astronaut/spaceworker face, a superman who does not need any-body, neither his own nor another’s, to have his will, not just on earth but in the universe as well A society of angels, ruled by God, and motivated by purely spiritual-religious-patriotic concerns. The adventure of space colonization will not be a “New America” in the sense of being the dumping ground of castaways, misfits and slaves. The need for total identification with the work-project, total obedience, total self-discipline and self-control, is so high that, according to NASA, even the old forms of reward should be immediately ruled out Work without a wage. It is the essential capitalist utopia where the work and repression becomes its own reward, and all the refusers are cast out into the cold stellar night
